LEPIDOPTERA 735 



BB. Vein Mj of the fore wings arising midway between veins Mi and M, or 

 nearer to vein AI3 than to vein Mi. 



C. Vein Mj of the fore wings arising nearly midway between veins Mi 

 and M3. 



D. Discal cell of fore wings more than two-thirds as long as the costa. 

 Mid tibiae without spines. Males usually with costal fold in fore wings 



p. 735 HESPERIIN.E 



DD. Discal cell of fore wings less than two-thirds as long as the costa. 

 Mid tibiae spined. Males usually with a discal patch, the brand, on the 



fore wings, p. 7Z7 PamphilinvE 



CC. Vein IVIa of the fore wings arising much nearer to vein M3 than to vein 

 Mi p. 737 Pamphilin^ 



Subfamily PYRRHOPYGIN^ 



The distinguishing feature of this subfamily is that the antennal 

 club is large and the entire club is recurved. In the other members 

 of the Hesperiidee if the antennal club is recurved it is only the 

 terminal part of the club that is bent back. This subfamily includes 

 a large nimiber of South and Central American species; but only 

 one has been found north of Mexico. This is Apyrrothrix ardxes 

 variety arizona;. This has been found only in Arizona. It is a large 

 skipper, having a wing-expanse of 50 mm. In general appearance it 

 resembles our common silver-spotted skipper, Epargyreus tUyrus, 

 except that the ground color is a darker brown and the spots on the 

 fore wings and the lighter parts of the fringes are snow white. 



Subfamily HESPERIIN^ 

 Skippers with a Costal Fold and their Allies 



This subfamily includes the larger of the common skippers, as 

 well as some that are of moderate size. Most of the species are dark 

 brown, marked with white or translucent, angular spots. The an- 

 tennae usually have a long club, which is bent at a considerable dis- 

 tance from the tip (Fig. 940) and vein M2 of the fore wings retains its 

 primitive position nearly midway between veins Mi and M3 or is 

 nearer to vein Mi than to M3 at base (Fig. 937). But the most dis- 

 tinctive feature of the subfamily is exhibited 

 by the males alone, and is lacking in some 

 species. It consists of a fold in the fore wing 

 near the costal margin, which forms a long 

 slit -like pocket, containing a sort of silky 

 down. This is a scent-organ. When this 

 pocket is tightly closed it is difficult to see it. ^. _, 



It is known as the costal fold. _ ^^iaH^ '^'"" 



More than eighty species belonging to 

 this subfamily have been found in America north of Mexico. The 

 following are some of the more common of these. 



