752 



AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY 



with the smaller fritillaries {Brenthis) in the origin of vein R2 of the 



fore wing beyond the apex of 

 the discal cell, but differs from 

 them in the shape of the fore 

 wing, the apex of which is 

 much more produced (Fig. 

 958) and the outer margin, 

 except at the apex, concave; 

 it is also considerably larger. 

 This species occurs through- 

 out the United States east of 

 the Rocky Mountains; but is 

 very rare in the northern half 



of this region. The larva feeds on the passion-flowers. 



Fig. 958. — Euptoieta claudia. 



II. THE CRESCENT-SPOTS 



This group includes some of the smaller members of the Nymph- 

 alidce. The color of the wings is sometimes black, with red and yellow 

 spots; but it is usually fulvous, with the fore wings broadly margined, 

 especially at the apex, with black, and crossed by many irregular lines 

 of black. 



In the larva there is an odd number of rows of spines on the 

 abdomen, due to the presence of spines on the middle of the back of 

 some of the abdominal segments. 



Sixty-three species of crescent-spots have been described from 

 America north of Mexico; but nearly all of these are restricted to 

 the Far West. 



The Baltimore, Euphydryas phaeton. — The wings are black above, 

 with an outer marginal row of dark reddish-orange spots, and two 

 parallel rows of very pale yellow spots; on the fore wings a third row 

 is more or less represented. The wings expand 50 mm. or more 



The larvffi feed on a species of snakehead, Chelone glabra; they 

 are gregarious in the fall and build a common nest in which they pass 

 the winter; but separate after hibernation. They are very striking 

 in appearance. The head and first two thoracic segments are shining 

 black and the last three abdominal segments are black with two 

 orange bands around each. All the other segments have a ground 

 color of orange with various narrow trans- 

 verse lines of black. This species occurs in 

 Ontario and the northern half of the 

 United States east of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains. It is very local, the butterflies re- 

 maining near the bogs or moist meadows 

 where the food-plant of the larva is found. 



The butterflies of the genus Phyciodes 

 and the allied genera abound throughout 

 our country. They are of small size, and of a fulvous color, heavily 

 marked with black. Each species varies considerably in markings, and 



Fig. 959. — Phyciodes "haros. 



