136 



MORPHOLOGICAL TYPES 



„sp. 



>oc. 



Fig. 60. — Skull of a dog, seen from the left side and slightly from 

 beneath. 



The Roman figures close to the arrows indicate the cranial nerves which 

 emerge from the several foramina. II, optic nerve through the optic 

 foramen ; III, oculomotor nerve ; IV, trochlear nerve ; Vi, first or ophthal- 

 mic branch of the trigeminal nerve, and VI, abducens nerve, all emerging 

 through the foramen lacerum anterius ; V2, second or maxillary branch of 

 the trigeminal nerve, through the foramen rotundum ; V3, third or mandi- 

 bular branch of the trigeminal nerve, through the foramen ovale ; VII, 

 facial nerve, through the stylo-mastoid foramen ; IX, glossopharyngeal 

 nerve ; X, vagus nerve ; XI, spinal accessory nerve, all emerging through 

 the foramen lacerum posterius ; XII, hypoglossal nerve, through the 

 condylar foramen ; a, alisphenoid ; ac, alisphenoid canal (lodging the so- 

 called external carotid artery) ; bs, basisphenoid ; Et, opening into the 

 tympanic bulla for the Eustachian tube ; flm, foramen lacerum medius 

 through which the internal carotid artery enters the skull ; fp, false palate ; 

 j, jugal ; /, lachrymal ; mp, mastoid process ; tip, nasal passage ; oc, occipital 

 condyles ; os, orbitosphenoid ; p, parietal ; pi, palatine ; pm 4, fourth 

 premolar modified into the carnassial tooth ; pt, pterygoid ; s, squamosal ; 

 sp, styloid process ; tb, tympanic bulla. 



