804 



INDEX 



Evolution (cont.) 



direction of, 9, 769, 784. 



evidences, 769. 



extinction, 775. 



increasing complexity, 768. 



large size, 429, 542, 575, 735. 



non-adaptive, 362. 



organization, 9, 767, 780. 



persistence, 238, 430, 784. 



populations, 8. 



rate, 738, 770. 



replacement, 10, 238, 429, 775. 



return to water, 359, 362, 409, 429, 



775- . 

 succession in habitats, 776. 

 factors, 238, 785. 



accelerating, 532, 783. 



barriers, 568, 783. 



climate, 21, 371, 776, 783. 



competitors, 241, 362, 532. 



mutation, 8, 242. 



pathogens, 783. 



predators, 355, 362, 532, 783. 



productivity, 242, 783. 



retarding, 773. 



sea, 238. 

 parallel, 777. 



actinopterygii, 240. 



amphibia, 366. 



elephants, 715. 



mammals, 545, 575. 



reptiles, 427, 430. 



synapsids, 545. 



ungulates, 699. 

 progress, 9, 80. 



actinopterygii, 242. 



amphibia, 367. 



early chordates, 80. 



elasmobranchs, 185. 



eutherians, 575. 



land, 775. 



land herbivores, 776. 



mammalia, 534. 



water, 775. 



whales, 676. 

 reversal, 780. 



amphibia, 343. 



birds, 518. 



eutherians, 545. 



reptiles, 401. 

 systematic 



actinopterygii, 228, 237. 



agnatha, 81, 122. 



amphibia, 296, 356. 



artiodactyls, 747. 



birds, 509. 



carnivora, 678. 



chordates, 47, 78, 81. 



elasmobranchs, 175, 185. 



elephants, 714. 



eutherians, 533. 



horses, 734. 



lampreys, 81. 



mammals, 533. 



man, 648. 



perissodactyls, 723. 



primates, 642. 



reptilia, 369, 389. 



ungulates, 699. 



vertebrates, summary, 768. 

 tendencies, 779. 



actinopterygii, 237. 



amphibia, 362. 



birds, 522. 



elasmobranchs, 185. 



eutherians, 575. 



horses, 735. 



reptiles, 429. 



ungulates, 699. 



vertebrates, 779. 

 Excretion, actinopterygii, 202. 

 amphibia, 340. 

 amphioxus, 35. 

 Balanoglossiis, 54. 

 birds, 474. 

 chelonia, 397. 

 Ciona, 63. 



elasmobranchs, 162. 

 Lampetra, 93. 

 reptiles, 378. 

 Exocoetus, 237, 246, 250. 

 Eye-muscles, 150. 

 Eyes, actinopterygii, 212, 485. 

 amphibia, 350. 

 amphioxus, 40. 

 birds, 482. 

 chameleon, 409. 

 elasmobranchs, 170. 

 insectivores, 582. 

 Lampetra, 103, no. 

 ophidia, 411. 



primates, 485, 604, 615, 618. 

 reptiles, 384, 409, 411, 485. 

 seals, 692. 

 squamata, 407. 

 tunicates, 64, 67. 

 whales, 671. 



Falco, 454. 



Falconiformes, 517. 



Feathers, 432. 



Feeding, actinopterygii, 201. 



amphibia, 342. 



amphioxus, 30. 



anaspids, 129. 



artiodactyls, 697. 



Balanoglossiis, 52. 



bats, 588. 





