,V,I 



Subject Index 



Earthworm, 82 



Ecdysis, 307 



Echidna, 236, 727, 728, 733 



Echidnidae, 733 



Echinoderm(s), 228 



and hemichordates, 406 

 Ectethmoid, 124 



Ectoderm, 6, 116, 142, 143, 186, 195, 202, 

 207, 208, 214, 215, 217, 224, 252, 

 254, 255, 256, 258, 259, 261, 262, 

 263, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 

 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 278, 279, 

 283, 296, 297 

 Ectoturbinals, 675 

 Edentata(es), 571, 742 

 Edinger, Ludwig, 703 

 Eel, electric, 439, 440 



lamprey, 11, 90, 149, 208, 413, 414, 



415 

 round-mouthed (see Cyclostome) 

 Effectors, 158 

 Efferent (motor), 141 



fibers, 142, 179, 182, 717 

 nerves, 159, 184 

 Egg(s), 87, 223, 227, 228, 231, 233-235, 

 236, 237-240, 244-246, 248, 249, 

 250, 251, 266, 288, 291, 482, 496, 

 644 

 air space of, 236 

 membrane of, 260 

 nucleus of, 237, 249 

 passage of, 647 

 pigment of, 249 

 Egg-case, 235 

 Egg-cell, size of, 645 

 Eggshell, 293 (see also Shell) 

 Egrets, 545 

 Elan vital, 352 



Elasmobranch(ii), 48, 50, 51, 57, 69, 

 72, 80, 90, 119, 143, 283, 284, 

 289, 426 (see also Fishes, shark- 

 like) 

 classification of, 422-424 

 Elastic cartilage, 325 



fibers, 321, 322 

 Elastin, 321 

 Elbow, 131 

 Electric eel, 439, 440 

 lobes, 441 

 nerves, 441 



organs, 439, 440, 441, 442 

 energy release from, 441 

 function of, 441 

 ray (Torpedo), 439, 440, 441 

 Electrophorus, 439, 440 

 Electroplax, 440 



Elephant(s), 44, 46, 229, 230, 757, 759, 

 760, 761 

 dentition of, 760, 761 

 Elephant-bird, 554 

 Elephant-shrew, 680 

 Elephas africanus, 761 



indicus, 761 

 Elimination, 155 (see also Excretion) 

 Elk, 757 



Embryo(s), 6, 42, 52, 58, 59, 60, 69, 75, 76, 

 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89, 91, 93, 

 103, 104, 110, 143, 144, 149, 186, 



206, 207, 208, 220, 226, 227, 228, 

 238-244, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291, 

 292, 408, 482, 483, 513, 622, 625, 

 642 



development of, 246-281, 254, 259, 261, 

 262, 263, 268, 272, 273, 275, 279 



fish-like structures in, 788, 790 

 Embryology, 231, 338, 339, 350 



comparative, 788-791 

 Embryonic shield, 264, 265, 266 

 Emergency theory of W. B. Cannon, 218 

 Emu, 543 

 Enamel, 35, 36, 37, 39 



organs, 39, 41, 42, 47 

 Encephalon, 14 (see also Brain) 

 End-plate, 142 

 Endocardium, 286, 622 

 Endochondral bone, 102, 285 

 Endocrinal function, 215 



organs, 215-227 

 Endocrine (ductless) glands, 139, 215-227, 

 276 



substances, 646 (see also Hormones) 

 Endoderm, 214, 215, 216, 222, 252, 254, 

 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 

 262, 263, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 

 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 283, 285, 

 292, 296, 297 

 Endolymph, 209, 210, 478, 692, 693 

 Endolymph(atic) duct, 209, 211, 688 



pores, 209 



sac, 688 

 Endoneurium, 141, 320 

 Endoskeleton, 101, 284 

 Endostyle, 399, 402 

 Endothelial lining, 286 

 Endothelium, 67, 286, 303 

 Endoturbinals, 674 

 Energy, muscular, 155 

 English sparrow, 528 



Enteron, 268, 270, 274, 276, 288, 290, 292 

 Enteropneusta, 395 

 Environment, external, 156, 157 



internal, 156, 157 



of man, 803-806 



modification of, 806-809 

 Eoanthropus, 771 

 Eocene, 776 

 Eohippus, 779, 780 

 Eosinophils, 329 

 Epaxial muscle, 89, 91, 92, 279 

 Epiboly, 256 

 Epibranchial, 120 

 Epicardium, 23, 286, 287 

 Epiceratodus, 437, 438 

 Epicoracoid, 132 

 Epidermis, 18, 19, 20, 39, 193, 194, 195, 



196, 258, 303, 307 

 Epididymis, 79, 80, 280, 283, 474, 650 

 Epiglottis, 199 

 Epihyal, 118 

 Epimere(s), 277, 278, 287 



