no Frogs of the Okefinokee Swamp 



posterior ends of the parotoids. The fourth pair of spots of B. quercicus have 

 their counterparts in B. terrestris in two pairs of spots, the anterior pair 

 pin-head spots which usually meet and fuse across the middle line. 



The underparts are grey or greyish-v/hite spotted or unspotted. Most of 

 our specimens fall in the former group. Possibly Florida specimens (like 

 our St. Petersburg material) may be unspotted but all of our specimens but 

 two are more or less spotted and we have from Natural Wells, Magnolia, 

 N. C, a specimen collected by Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, which is spotted and 

 even darker beneath than our Okefinokee forms. In some the spotting is 

 very faint on the breast and pectoral region. In others it occupies much of 

 the upper belly and one has all the underparts dark except the very wrinkled 

 oval patch on the buttocks which is pure white or yellowish-white. Usually 

 when dark enters the ventral coloration the throat is darkest. Most of these 

 specimens have the palm and sole dark but not all of them, and our young 

 southern toads have these parts white in the main except in a few which are 

 dark colored. 



STRUCTURAL CHARACTERS (WRITTEN IN 191 2) 



Structural characters. — In the structural characters we have our best 

 distinctions between the oak toads and immature southern toads. The 

 throat pouch or vocal sac of the male is distinctive but sexual characters are 

 tantalizing key distinctions unless given for both sexes. In the cranial 

 crests these differ from Bufo terrestris at the same size. In Bufo terrestris 

 there are no crests or the supraorbital crest is very faintly outlined. In B. 

 terrestris these ridges decidedly bend inwards at the posterior ends and the 

 interval between these two converging ends is contained 2.5-3.0 times in the 

 length of the crest to the nostril while in B. quercicus the ends are divergent 

 or very slightly convergent and the interval is contained in the crest to the 

 nostril 1.5-2.0 times. Whenever the crests show in these 20-35 mm. southern 

 toads the posterior end of the continuous supraorbital crest is invariably 

 beyond the inner posterior-dorsal angle of the upper eyelid and opposite or 

 behind the anterior end of the parotoid while in B. quercicus adults 20-30 mm. 

 it ends ahead of the anterior end of the parotoid and frequently stops at the 

 above mentioned angle. Behind this angle it frequently extends as a series 

 of interrupted raised warts. In none of the southern toads are the posterior 

 supraorbital crest ends connected across the middle line by a ridge, or series 

 of warts, but is always open while in the oak toads there is always a transverse 

 series of raised warts which give the cranial hollow a parapet behind as well 

 as on either side. In very warty specimens the other crests loose the dis- 

 tinctiveness and only this parapet of three sides shows. In southern toads 

 20-35 mm. there are no postocular and supratympanic crests at all. In oak 

 toads the postocular ridge is never continuous with the supraorbital crest and 

 the gap is bridged by a series of warts. The supratjTnpanic crest from the 

 postocular to parotoid is very prominent and very broad in B. quercicus while 

 in small B. terrestris (20-35 mm.) it is absent and in 50-70 mm. adults it is 

 always a smooth edged horny ridge not with numerous warty tubercles on it. 



