Gastrophryne carolinensis 453 



view, Shelby County, by L. S. Gibson, and I have collected the species at 

 Barachias, Montgomery County." In Doniphan County, Kansas, Jean M. 

 Linsdale (1927, p. 77) records "A narrow-mouthed toad was found on the 

 area in the summer of 1923." In Virginia (1918, p. 22) E. L. Dunn records 

 it in CaroHna County. The same year Philip H. Pope records it in Houston, 

 Texas. The next year (1919, p. 82) Doreen Potter records it in Lafayette 

 County, northern Mississippi. 



These records of six years 1918-1924 represent its range rather roughly, 

 i.e., from Virginia, North Carohna, South Carolina, Florida to its tip, Ala- 

 bama, Houston, Texas, eastern Kansas. 



Our own records for it in 19 17 begin just south of Richmond, Va., May 31. 

 We did not record it again until June 10 when we reached a low woods beyond 

 Tuskagee, Ala., and 30 miles from Montgomery, Ala. Our course through 

 Durham-Charlotte, N. C, Blacksburg-Anderson, S. C, Atlanta-LaGrange, 

 Ga., West Point-Tuskagee, Ala., was too far inland to record this Lower 

 Austral species. In 1926 (p. 83) we placed this species "Gastrophryne caro- 

 linensis Va.-Fla.-La.," as one of the nine Okefinokee species of the Lower 

 Austral frogs. Strecker (1909, p. 120) restricts it "principally to the humid 

 division of the Lower Austral Life Zone." 



In 1922 on June 6 we heard it four miles north of Petersburg, Va., on June 

 7 at Cary, N. C, and on June 11 at Screven, Ga. (In connection with 

 Virginia records Dunn (19 18, p. 22) reports it from Carohne County north of 

 Richmond a considerable distance). 



DeKay (1842, p. 65) writes "Dr. Holbrook thinks it possible that a species 

 may be found in this State, for he has heard its peculiar noise in the neighbor- 

 hood of New York; and Major LeConte informs me that he has seen a species 

 of Engystonia, said to have been found in a sandy district of this State." Sub- 

 sequent records have not yielded it in either New Jersey or New York and 

 fortunately DeKay placed it in the extra limital species. 



No one has attempted a critical study of the Gastrophryne {Fngy stoma) 

 except J. K. Strecker in 1909 (pp. 115-120). His three conclusions were : 



"First, that the narrow-mouthed toad usually reported from Texas is not 

 Engy stoma carolinense but Engy stoma texense which is a very distinct species. 



"Second, that the Engy stoma carolinense Holbrook is exceedingly rare in 

 Texas. The only typical specimen examined was from Paris, Lamar County, 

 in the extreme northeastern section of the State. 



"Third, that a small form with unusually pustulate upper surfaces, 

 peculiar coloration and short hind feet, from southeastern Texas, is worthy of 

 recognition as a distinct species {Engy stoma areolata Strecker)". . . In south- 

 western Texas the new species occurs in localities inhabited by the widely 

 "distributed Engy stoma texense, but in central Texas where the latter species is 

 the prevailing or, or as I am now fully satisfied, the only form of narrow- 

 mouthed toad, no examples have been found that are even an approach to 

 E. areolata. 



"Engystoma carolinense Holbrook. This is the largest of the three forms 

 here considered and the most widely distributed. Examples have been ex- 



