Gastwphryne carolinensis 473 



In 1920 (pp. 34, 36) we stated that "the narrow-mouthed toad tadpole 

 may transform from the middle of June to September or October. The average 

 size at transformation is 0.5 of an inch (see Fig. 2 and Plate XXII, Fig. 9)". 



In 192 1 we recorded transformation but strangely enough collected but 

 few. They are: On July 8, 192 1, a series of four transformed frogs amongst 

 a large series of two-legged tadpoles, measured 12, 12, 12.5 and 13 mm. 

 respectively. A series of three transformed taken July 23, 192 1, (with 

 mature tadpoles, tadpoles 20-21 mm. and small tadpoles 12-14 mm.) meas- 

 ured II, 1 1.5 and 1 1.5 mm. Finally three vials of transformed and tadpole 

 individuals of July 25, 192 1 (really one lot) were as follows: Vial where they 

 had dried up 7, 8, 8, 8, 9 mm., another vial with one 9.5 mm. semi-dry, and 

 another vial not much dry 11 mm. In 1922 we took several series of trans- 

 formation on June 23, June 24, and July 11. In these forms the tadpoles 

 with four legs sometimes retained its tadpole mouth until tail stub reached 

 7-10 mm. in length, or put in the other way the frog mouth sometimes came 

 in at tail length of 13.5-9 mm., though normally below 10 mm. The meas- 

 urements of 26 transformed frogs of three series of 1922 are in range from 

 9-1 1.5 mm., or two at 9 mm., three at 9.5 mm., eight at 10 mm., six at 10.5 

 mm., six at 11 mm., one at 11.5 mm. This gives a lower range than in 1912, 

 an average of 10 mm. and mode of 10 mm. The total range then for 191 2- 

 1922 is 7 or 8-12 mm., average 10.8 mm., mode 11 mm. Some Raleigh N. C, 

 transformed frogs measure from 11. 5- 12 mm. for six specimens. One might 

 expect greater variability in size of transformation and doubtless it comes 

 because of the transient character of many of its breeding places. In one or 

 two cases from non-Okefinokee localities we have found transformation as 

 small as 8.5 mm. 



General remarks. In 1 9 1 2 we made these notes on the transformed frogs. 

 They have the dorsal coloration of the adults and on the venter, the under 

 surface of the hind hmbs, the throat and upper breast are as in the adults 

 but the belly has more or less of the blotchings and reticulation of the tadpole 

 belly. In none of the various stages from mature tadpole to transformation 

 is there any very apparent evidence of a spiracle and the left arm does not 

 appear before the right. (Later we found the spiracle near the vent). 



GROWTH 



This species has a size of 8.5-12 mm. at transformation, or an average of 

 10.8 mm., or mode of 11 mm. We have one record of a specimen taken in 

 the fall 16 mm. long. Another taken in June 9-10, 19 17, at LaPlace, Ala., 

 is 15 mm. On April 25 and 26, 192 1, we took two specimens 17 mm. and 21 

 mm. cf . We apparently have three groups herein indicated on this small 

 evidence, a transformation group 8.5-12 mm., an intermediate group 15-17 

 mm. sexless externally, and a group sexually visible externally. The group 

 15-17 come from late fall to late spring or early June. Does this represent 

 8.5-12 mm. specimens June 15-October 15 transformers or 8.5-12 mm. indi- 

 viduals become 1 5-1 7 mm. by November 1 5-June 1 5 later or a possible maximum 

 growth of 8.5-5 mm. or minimum of 3 mm. in 5-12 months (winter interven- 



