tampan infestation is indicated. Rodhain (1919A) reported finding 

 avian blood in specimens taken from an empty outhouse inhabited by 

 chickens. It has been suggested that periodic forays by chickens 

 into infested huts may partially reduce the tick popvilation in 

 these places. 



Aside from usual indigenous dwellings, the eyeless tampan is 

 frequently encovintered where people congregate. In Uganda, rest 

 camps often have been burned because of heavy infestation (Bruce 

 et al 1911); jails and semipermanent buildings used by itinerant 

 IJricans are frequently infested (Hopkins and Chorley 1940), In 

 Kenya, 0. moubata is ""alarmingly abundant" in labor camps (Jepson 

 194-7) and military barracks are specially constructed to resist 

 infestation (Hynd 1945 )• The tampan is a coffeehouse inhabitant 

 in British Somaliland (Anderson 1947), In a Somaliland focus of 

 relapsing fever, all patients were found to be members of a polit- 

 ical party the headquarters building of which was infested with 

 0. moubata and had escaped insecticiding when other structures were 

 Ousted ^Lipparoni 1951). In South Africa, it is an important pest 

 in "lesser mine* labor camps but in larger mines, such as those 

 at Johannesburg where sanitary measures are practiced, the tick 

 is absent (Ordman 1941,1943), 



In contrast, the closely-related eyed tampan, 0. savignyi , 

 usually lives away from habitations, under trees, in village squares, 

 near wells, in stockades, or in shaded spots along trails where men 

 and animals rest. 



There are but few reported observations of 0. moubata living 

 imder outdoor conditions approaching those favored by 0. savignyi . 

 In 1916, Belgian colonial troops operating in Urundi, whiTeTemZ 

 ing under a row of mango trees that had bordered buildings des- 

 troyed some six years earlier, recovered several specimens from 

 the soil around the roots of these trees. The assumption was 

 that these ticks had survived since the destruction of the near- 

 by buildings some years earlier (Rodhain 191 9B), 



Ordman (I94l) listed two cases of the eyeless tampan in South 

 Africa living "in and under trees*, but further conclusive evidence 

 is not presented. 



- 14B - 



