HYALa»IMA HUSSAINI Sharif, 1928. 

 (Figures 198 to 201) 



HUSSAIN'S INDIAN HZALCMMA 

 AND RiyjffiKS ON THE SUBGENUS HYALQ-5MINA 



Special note should be made of the subgenus Hyalommina , es- 

 tablished by Schulze (1919) for the new species H. rhipicephaloides 

 from the Red Sea area. Subsequently, Schulze (1^36^ placed H. 

 lewisi from Tanganyika (and Kenya) in this subgenus and Sharif 

 (1928 and 1936) incliided H. kumari and H. hussaini from India. 

 These are discussed belowT ~ 



The criterion proposed by Schulze for this subgenus is the 

 absence of subanal shields. 



With regard to the so-called "H. rhipicephaloides " , it has 

 been ovr experience during field coTlecting and st\ady of Hyalomma 

 material from the Near East, Asia Minor, Arabia, North Africa, 

 and tropical Africa, that weak, poorly developed, apparently 

 undernourished, riints _of any Hy^^ma species frequently lack 

 subanal shields. Such individuals may be part of a series in 

 which some are typical of _a common species (suclT'as H. excavatum ) 

 and others , usually smaller and weaker , conform to tne same spe l 

 cies in morphologic al characters , except that they lack subanal 

 shields . It has also been noted from personal field experience 

 and from series in British Museum (Natural History) collections, 

 especially those of the late Professor Buxton from Iraq and 

 Palestine, that when nymphs are removed from a bird, lizard, 

 or small raanimal and placed in a vial to molt, the resultant 

 adults, obviously affected by abnormal, artificial conditions, 

 are frequently frail and lack subanal shields. This feature 

 is the rule rather than the exception among adults reared from 

 nymphs that have become overgrown by the host skin (see below 

 and page UUl) . 



Schulze (1932c) referred to " Hyalomma (Hyalommina ) rhipL - 

 cephaloides " as a "half endo parasite" (and compared it with 



_ 520 - 



