other wild animals ; Zebras, various kinds (Neumann 1907C, 

 1910B,19iJ;^,Toveridge 1923A, Lewis 1931B,193^, Bedford 1932B, 

 Mettam 1932, Weber 19^8, Matthysse 1954). Giraffe (Howard 1908, 

 Neumann 1901,190X,1910B, Moore 1912). Warthog (Neumann 1922, 

 195A.; other specimens in MJZ). Cane rat (Bedford 1932B. These 

 somewhat larger than ordinary rodents appear to harbor an vui- 

 xosual n\imber of stray ticks that do not normally infest rodents). 



Noninfestation of young antelopes ; Mettam (1933) made the 

 interesting observation that newly bom kob, duiker, bushbuck, 

 and reedbuck in an Entebbe paddock heavily infested with R. 

 appendiculatus and R. evert si were in no instance affected by 

 tnese ticks. Wild advilts of these antelopes are comnonly at- 

 tacked. 



Immature stages ; As already stated, larvsie and nynqjhs com- 

 monly infest the same kinds of hosts as adiilts. Sometimes, 

 however, they do attach to other animals, especially hares, for 

 reasons not yet understood. Hares have been reported as im- 

 mature stage hosts bv Moore (1912), Bedford (1932B), Sanborn 

 and Hoogstraal (1953), Matthysse 1954-; and others; see also 

 BIOLOGY below. Some specimens are foiond in ears of elephant 

 shrews (Sudan records above) and Theiler (correspondence) has 

 a single record from another genus, Nasilio , of these insectL- 

 vores, as well a^ another from a tree rat, ThflHonys . Bedford 

 (193 2B) reported nymphs from various antelopes, and Lewis (1932B) 

 found both immature stages common in the ears of hartebeests. 

 Dogs are satisfactory hosts for laboratory reeiring of the im- 

 mature stages (Lounsbury 190iU.). 



BIOLOGY 



Life Cycle 



R. evertsi is one of the few rhipicephalid ticks with a two^ 

 host type of life cycle. Both immature stages occupy the same 

 hosts, but engorged nymphs drop and molt on the gro\md. As adults 

 they seek a new host. All stages normally infest domestic or wild 

 herbivores, but under some conditions immature stages may attack 

 insectivores, rodents, and hares. Theiler (correspondence) has 

 observed that this may be due to unustial or local factors; "For 



- 648 - 



