DMIDOVA (19A2). USSR, Uzbekistan. As H. volpnse ; gives an 

 account of raethods of grazing and quart erxng cattle in 

 Uzbekistan and importance of knowing where ticks seek 

 shelter around buildings and farmyards due to their im- 

 portance in transmission of human and animal diseases. 

 A few engorged females found in cracks in walls 10 to 

 15 cm. above ground. See also H. excavatum , pa^e 



BARBETTI (l%3). Yugoslavia. H. scupense , presence in southern 

 Croatia. No other Hyalomma species listed. 



GALUZO &L«VOVA (1945). USSR. H. detritum 



For review of other reports on this tick by Galuzo, see 

 page All. 



An ecologicaj. study in the Gissarian Valley to determine the 

 fate of engorged females that drop from cattle in various situa- 

 tions and the effect of environmental factors on time of hatching, 

 this field study merits careful attention. Although cattle wander 

 over a variety of biotopes, H. detritum is encountered m only 

 certain of these. In the field ii is difficult to discover inore 

 than an occasional engorged female on the ground, even when pas- 

 tures are dug up, manure is scattered, and grass is pulled out 

 by the roots. Earlier studies, aimed at determining whether fe- 

 males detach from the host during the day while cattle are in 

 the field or at night when they are confined, had shown that en. 

 gorged females fall to the ground at any time of the day or night. 

 Females might be expected to find suitable niches for hiding, 

 preoviposition resting, and egg laying in gra^s roots, ^^^nt 

 burrow^ reptile haunts, -insect nests", cracks and crevices in 

 the soil, or under cakes of cow dung, lumps of earth, stones, 

 grass bedding, or the like. Observations preliminary to the 

 Sesent experiment showed that when the temperature is partic- 

 SSy high (from 35°C. to 40°G.) and the sunlight extremely 

 strong, females leaving the host immediately crawl into any 

 shaded'place and, if possible, burrow into the soil or hide in^ 

 cracks or crevices. Females that depart their host in the evo- 

 ^ScrSl slowly over the soil until they find a crack or cre^ 

 ^S ?Ms they enter as deeply as the size of their body will 

 ^e^t. iLy may pass one apparently suitable niche or enter it 



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