DRIFTING IN ICE OFF HERALD ISLAND. 119 



4.20, however, we had come to solid floes again, and as 

 the thick fog again shut in we came to with our ice- 

 anchor. Wishing to save even the coal we used with 

 banked fires, until a good chance presented itself for 

 going ahead, I let the fires die out. This evening three 

 bears came down to about a mile from the ship, but fled 

 upon being seen and chased by our hunters. Served 

 out snow-goggles to all hands, with orders to wear 

 them. 



Sei^iemher 7th, Sunday. — A day of complete rest in 

 every respect. The day begins with snow, clears, be- 

 comes and ends foggy. Ice moving a little, and ship 

 seemingly moving to N. W. At ten A. M. muster the 

 crew, read the Articles of War, and hold divine service. 

 At twelve got soundings in forty fathoms blue mud. 

 In the watch from eight to midnight, experienced a 

 slight pressure on the starboard beam, shoving the ship 

 up on a tongue of ice on the port side and listing her 

 to starboard about five degrees. 



September Sth, Monday. — At 1.30 this morning the 

 ship righted again. Thermometer ranging between 22° 

 and 28°. Forenoon foggy ; afternoon clear. No sign 

 of a lead in any direction. The northerly winds seem 

 to have cemented the ice into one enormous pack. 

 Soundings at noon in thirty-six fathoms blue mud. The 

 ship has evidently moved since yesterday, when we had 

 forty fathoms. In the first watch the ship heeled again 

 to starboard about 9°, and jammed the rudder hard 

 a-starboard. 



Lest at any time the question be asked why I do not 

 miship the rudder and screw at this time, I will record 

 here my reasons. Our rudder is unusually strong and 

 heavy ; and though it is a simple matter to unship it, it 

 will be an exceedingly difficult matter to ship it again 



