682 THE VOYAGE OF THE JEANNETTE. 



opaque white powder, which effervesces upon apply- 

 ing nitric and acetic acids." 



The bituminous coal is abundant, and burns readily. 

 Melville thinks it has from fifty to sixty per cent, car- 

 bon, but to-morrow he will experiment further, and I 

 will note his remarks. 



Unfortunately, the forenoon and afternoon were both 

 cloudy and foggy, and I could get neither time sight 

 nor azimuth. A landslide occurred at 6.30 p. m., large 

 masses of rock and red clay being hurled down from 

 the summit of Cape Emma. 



From our observations of tides to-day, it would seem 

 that the flood comes from the westward. Birds for sup- 

 per at seven p. m. 



Measured the water at various distances from the foot 

 of the cliff, — 50 feet, 7 feet deep; 100 feet, 12 feet 

 deep; 150 feet, 16 feet deep; 200 feet, 28 feet. Our 

 ice-foot is kept in by grounded floe pieces, or bergs 

 broken off from the foot of the glacier on the south 

 face. Wind very light ; northeast airs ; barometer at 

 nine p. m. 29.84 at 37° ; temperature 30°. The tide 

 measurements were made by a pike-end stick (a paddle 

 with a chisel end) stuck in the bottom ice, and held in 

 rigidly against the face of a rocky cliff (Rudder Point). 

 The graduations are to inches, — half inches, and quar- 

 ter inches, being estimated by the observers. The first 

 reading was taken at 10.26 a. m. by my watch, and sub- 

 sequent readings hourly. 1 



July Slst, Sunday. — Called all hands at seven. 

 Weather cold and foggy. Mr. Dunbar having ex- 

 pressed a wish to go along the south side of the island, 

 and it agreeing; with my desire to know more of that 

 section, I this morning gave him permission to take 



1 For this and subsequent measurements see Appendix II. 



