50 EINAR LÖNNBERG, (Schwed. Südpolar-Exp. 



usually took place in a depth from 8 to 20 m. The bottom was stony with a rich 

 growth of algse. The temperature at the surface under the ice was constantly 

 — 1,9° C. to — 2° C. The hooks were partly baited with raw meat of penguins or 

 seals, sometimes also with pieces of fish, partly the hooks were not baited at all, 

 but a fish rudely made of a mixture of tin from spoons and lead from gun-balls 

 served to allure the prey. The latter method with "pilk", as it is called in the 

 Scandinavian tongue, often proved to be more successful than with baited hooks. 

 About five species of fish were caught this way. Two of them belonged, as far as 

 could be judged, to the genus Trcviatonuis. Probably one of these with the lower 

 jaw projecting was T. newnesi. These were most numerous. Next to them in 

 number was a Notothenia, most probably N. mizops to judge from its long ventrals 

 and general appearance. Nototlienia larseni was also recognized, perhaps N. tticolai 

 as well. There was no opportunity to save and preserve any specimens, but the 

 above statements are based on Mr. K. A. Andersson's recollections when he later, 

 together with the present author, reviewed the ichthyological material of the expedi- 

 tion. No Chœnichthys or similar fish was caught by this kind of fishing. 



The ventricles of the fishes which were caught contained mostly amphipods, 

 which were abundantly represented among the algœ at the fishing-places, but also 

 small fishes. 



Although these notes, for natural reasons, cannot be very detailed, they are of 

 value as they give an approximate idea about the numerosity of the fishes in this 

 cold and ice-covered sea. They prove also that the fishes of this region do not 

 make any migrations to evade the snow- and ice-covered, and consequently dark, 

 area, but remain there during the winter, finding plentiful food, and themselves ren- 

 dering the existence of fish-eating seals possible. 



The fishes of Bransfield Strait. 



In the last third of November the Expedition had been able to make its way 

 to Bransfield Strait. Under comparatively favorable circumstances the exploration of 

 this highly interesting region was begun, and continued for a couple of weeks. The 

 zoologist had the opportunity to gather from the bottom of this the coldest of all 

 hitherto known marine basins a rich harvest. A hard fate did not, however, allow 

 him to bring this home; and therefore, with the exception of two coloured sketches 

 made by Mr. SkottSBERG, nothing of the ichthyological material but a few notes 

 remain, which only prove, that fishes were found at no less than 10 different sta- 

 tions and sometimes in rather great number. These notes may therefore be quoted 

 here with some short remarks. 



