OCEANOGRAPHICAL INVESTIGATIONS 21 



The work of 

 marine bio- 

 logical labora- 

 tories and of 

 international 

 and other 

 fishery investi- 

 gations. 



Anton Dohrn. 



investigations among the intelligent reading public of the 

 whole world. 



Although small and more or less permanent marine labora- 

 tories had been established on various parts of the European 

 and American coasts previous to 1880, it must be acknowledged 

 that the foundation of the Zoological Station at Naples in that 

 year by Anton Dohrn marks an era in all that concerns the 

 histology and embryology of marine organisms, and these studies 

 have in turn given a great impetus to the systematic investiga- 

 tion of many purely oceanic problems. 



Similar marine laboratories have since been founded in many 

 parts of the world, some for researches of purely scientific 



interest and others for the 

 investigation of economic 

 questions connected with the 

 study of the habits and 

 development of the food 

 fishes. 



By far the most import- 

 ant of these organisations 

 was that resulting from an 

 International Hydrographic 

 Congress held in Stockholm 

 in 1899, which was largely 

 brought about by the exer- 

 tions of Otto PetterSSOn. Pettersson 



An International Commis- 

 sion for the Scientific In- 

 vestigation of the North Sea 

 was established, the partici- 

 pating countries being Great 

 Britain, Germany, Holland, 

 Belgium, Russia, Denmark, 

 Sweden, and Norway. Many important researches have been 

 undertaken, and many elaborate reports have been issued by the 

 scientific staffs of each of the countries concerned. This inter- 

 national work, which has been carried on for over ten years, 

 and is still in operation, has given a great impulse to nearly all 

 departments of oceanic science, one result among the many The -Michael 

 others being the organisation of the " Michael Sars " Expedition i^Jantic eI!^ 

 in the North Atlantic in 19 10, to an account of which this pedition, 1910. 

 volume is chiefly devoted. J. M. 



Hydrographic 

 Congress, 



International 



North Sea 

 Council. 



Professor Otto Pettersson. 



