40 DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN 



the boom on the foremast, and is then led to the forward 

 gallows (i i). 



Pelagic appliances, to be towed horizontally, are either 

 fastened to the trawl wire like the trawl itself, or else the wire 

 is led round a smaller winch (4), situated abaft the deck-house, 

 and then paid out over the stern. 



The vessel may thus tow both steel lines at the same time, 



Fig. 22. — The Forward Starboard Winch. 



and a number of appliances may be operated simultaneously. 

 This mode of working differs in many ways from the system 

 adopted in former expeditions. 



Fig. 22 shows the forward starboard winch. The little Lucas 

 sounding machine may also be seen, fastened quite simply to 

 the rail of the ship, taking up very little space and requiring 

 the attention of only one man. The large Pettersson-Nansen 

 water-bottle, used for hydrographical observations at great 

 depths, is also in a handy position. What simplifies matters 



