436 



DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN 



The principal "cold-water" fish of the deep Norwegian Sea 

 belong to the following species : — 



ZoARCiD/E — Lycodes mitrcB/m, L. flagellicauda, L. fn'gidus, L. palHdus, 

 L. similis, L. eudipleurostictus, L. seminudus. 

 OPHiDUDiE — Rhodichthys reglna. 



Li PAR I D^ — Careproctus reinhardi, Paraliparis bathybii. 

 CoTTiD^ — Cottunculus microps, C. stibspinosus. 

 Sharks — Sonmiosus inicrocephalus (the Greenland shark). 

 Rays — Raia hyperborea. 



Excepting the Greenland shark these species have been 



Fig. 310. — Section across the Norwegian Sea from Greenland to Norway in 

 Position shown in Fig. 309. (Drawn by Helland-Hansen.) 



taken in cold water only, below 0° C, and mostly in small 

 numbers, though occasionally they are more numerous. 



Thus a haul made by the " Michael Sars " to the north of 

 the Faroe Islands, in 975 fathoms, with a trawl similar to the 

 one used in the Atlantic, gave in two hours : 34 Paraliparis 

 bathybii, i Rhodichthys regina, and 17 Lycodes. East of 

 Iceland, in 467 fathoms, where the temperature was -0.6° 

 C, the Danish research steamer "Thor," on a line of 225 

 hooks, obtained 4 Raia hyperborea, i Greenland shark, and 20 

 black halibuts (Hippoglossiis hippoglossoides) ; the latter two 

 species are not, however, exclusively cold-water fish. 



