494 DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN 



shells of Neptunea, and on several specimens of this large snail 

 two other large actinians {Urticina crassicornis and Met7ndm7n 

 dianthus) had attached themselves. Our common whelk 

 [Buccininn iindatum, see Fig. 348) occurred over the whole area 

 down to a depth of 100 metres, as a rule along with the two 

 snails referred to, though never in such great abundance.^ 



Nudibranchs yielded, with one or two exceptions, only a 

 very few specimens, and this was particularly the case with 

 Tritonia, Doris, and Doto. At certain stations, however, re- 

 markably enough from muddy bottom where there were no 

 hydroids, the young -fish trawl brought up quantities of 



yEolis, which had 



i \^' ^ ' most probably located 



J #. themselves upon 



I Virgiilaria and Alcy- 



, Ij- oniiun, although their 



'^ \^?. usual home is among 



'^Wr- hydroids. Chceto- 



dei'ma, a worm -like 



.::.Z,^'^'h form belonging to the 



y " ^ /-' "-^^ molluscs, was repre- 



^' ^ ^ .%.^ sented by only a few 



^^ '*!/ ^^'-'.V.i* specimens (depth 47 



^"'1^*»^ -^^ to 80 metres, tempera- 



' ' / * ture f to 8" C.) ; 



^' cuttle-fishes by some 



Fig. 348. specimens of Lolio^o 



Buccinuin imdatinn, L. r i ■ • 



joroesi at one station 

 (depth 38 metres, temperature 10° C), and a little Sepiola from 

 94 metres. The almost complete absence of species of Chiton, 



^ Of more or less regularly distributed mollusc-forms we may further mention : Pecten 

 opercidaris (large), Mytilus modiolus (from a depth of 96 metres about 70 specimens were taken, 

 averaging 11 or 12 cm. in length and often with Urticina attached), Modiolaria nigra, Cardium 

 echinatnin, Cyprina islandica, Venus gallina, Mactra elliptica (very numerous off the coast of 

 Jutland, 14 metres, temperature 12.5° C), Solen ensis, Cultellus pelhtcidus, Aporrhais 

 pes-pelecani, Antalis entalis. At some stations we came across Niictda tenuis, Leda tninuta, 

 Kellia suborbicularis, Coj-btda gibba, Dosinia lincta, Cylichna cylindracea, all on mud in about 50 

 metres and at a temperature of 8° C. Astarte sidcata was extremely numerous at one station 

 (depth 86 metres, temperature 8.4° C), but otherwise very scattered. Aho Nicania banksi, 

 Peclunculus glycimei'is, Mactra stidtoriim, Psatnmobia ferroensis, Panopcea norvegica (large 

 specimen, 80 mm. long, 55 mm. high), Saxicava arctica, Pholas crispata (in pieces of timber on the 

 bottom, depth 32 metres, temperature 10.9° C), Abra sp., Montacuta (on Spatangus), Philine sp., 

 Velutina hcvigata, Lunatia intermedia (in enormous quantities at Jammer Bay off the coast of 

 Jutland, 14 metres, together with Mactra elliptica, on which latter, judging from the many 

 shells with holes bored in them, it feeds), Lunatia montagui, Natica catena (strings of eggs were 

 found in large quantities on the north slope of the Dogger Bank, though the animal itself was 

 rarely captured), Boi-eofusus berniciensis, Scalaria trevelyana, Volutopsis norvegica (only at one 

 station, depth 96 metres, temperature 6.15° C, though in fairly large quantities— about 30 

 specimens). 



