592 DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN 



include mostly large forms, belonging to a biological group of squids 

 (comprising the family of giant squids, Architeuthidae), the members of 

 which are among the pirates of the ocean, and in their turn fall a prey to 

 the large squid-hunting whales. Illex illecebrosus and Onimatostrephes 

 todarus are northern forms, of great importance on the banks of New- 

 foundland, and along the coasts of Iceland and Norway, as Gonatus 

 fabricii (see Fig. 98, p. 113) is the squid of the "bottle-nose grounds" 

 in the Norwegian Sea. Todaropsis eblancz and OmmatostrepJies sagittatus 

 extend nearly as far north as the southern borders of the Norwegian Sea. 



Fig. 438. 

 Doratopsis ex ophthalmic a, Chun (f). (From Chun.) 



Mastigoteuthis, Grimalditeuthis, and CJiiroteiitJiis are large squids, some of 

 which were captured by the Prince of Monaco around the Azores, 

 Madeira, and Canaries. Grimalditeuthis ric/iardi described by Joubin, 

 proves to be identical with G. bonplandi (see Fig. 440) taken by the 

 " Michael Sars." A new species is described by Chun under the name 

 of Mastigoteuthis hjorti. We succeeded in catching adults as well as 

 larvae of the Ommatostrephidae and Gonatidae ; Chun has described the 

 interesting larva of OinmatostrepJies (see Fig. 441), taken in the southern 



««3ae^^ 



\^' 



Fig. 439. 

 Head oi Doratopsis lippula, Chun. 



section of our Atlantic cruise, in which the two long tentacles are united 

 into a tube. 



In the Cranchiidae we have an entirely different group of wonderful 

 deep-sea forms, which probably undertake extensive vertical migrations ; 

 some of these, for instance Corynovima speculator, Toxeimia beloue (Fig. 

 442), and BathotJiauma lyroinma (Fig. 443), were taken in the Indian 

 Ocean by the " Valdivia." 



Among the Myopsidae I mention first the interesting form Spirula 

 australis (see Fig. 60, p. 81), of which only three specimens had 

 previously been taken : one in the Pacific by the " Challenger," one off 

 North America by the " Blake," and one in the Indian Ocean by the 



