THE 



VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



ZOOLOGY. 



REPORT on the Anatomy of the Spheniscid^ collected during the Voyage 

 of H.M.S. Challenger. By Morrison Watson, M.D., F.R.S.E., Pro- 

 fessor of Anatomy in the Owens College, Manchester. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Upon the return of the Challenger to this country at the expiration of the cruise, the late 

 Sir "Wyville Thomson placed in my hands the valuable collection of Penguins made 

 during the voyage, with a request that I should draw up a Report on the anatomy of these 

 remarkable birds. 



The collection comprised firstly, three or four adult specimens of each of the species 

 obtained, preserved for the most part in brine, but in some instances in spirit ; and 

 secondly, a number of immature birds taken from the nest, together with eggs in various 

 stages of development, preserved partly in spirit and partly in bichromate of potash. All 

 were in an excellent state of preservation. 



The present Report refers only to the anatomy of the adult birds, that on the young 

 and embryonic specimens being reserved to form the second part of the memoir. 



The material, the report on which forms the subject of the present communication, 

 consisted of adult specimens of the following birds : ^ — 



1 For the synonjTiis of these different birds, see Sclater's Report on the Birds collected l)y the Challenger, 

 Zoology, vol. ii. p. 122-132 ; as also Coue's Monograph of the Spheniscida2, in Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philad., 1872, p. 

 170. Sphenismis mendiadus is not mentioned in either of these papers. It was first described by Sundevall, in 

 Proo. Zool. Soc, 1871, pp. 126 and 129, and was subsequently figured by Salvin, in the Trans. ZooL Soc, vol. ix. 

 p. 508. 



(zool. CHALL. EXP. — PART XVIII. — 1883.) S 1 



