REPORT ON THE SPHENISCIDJE. 



41 



muscle, while the lower end, narrower and more irregular in form, is attached by means 

 of very short ligamentous fibres to the anterior border of the upper end of the tibia. 



The patella presents essentially the same characters in every species. 



The table shows the length of the posterior surface of the patella in the various 

 species in inches. 



Eudyptes chrysocome, from Tristan, . 



Eudyptes chrysocome, from tlie Falklands, 



Eudyptes chrysocome, from Kerguelen, 



Eudyptes chrysolophus, 



Spheniscus demersus, 



Spheniscus magellanicus, 



Spheniscus mendiculus, 



Spheniscus minor, 



Pygosceles tceniatus, 



Aptenodytes longirostris. 



The Tibia. 

 The tibia of the Penguins differs but little from that of the majority of birds. 

 Its upper end is provided with two articular surfaces, which are separated from 

 one another by a slight antero-posterior eminence. Of the two surfaces the internal 

 is much the larger, and articulates through the intervention of the internal semilunar 

 cartilage with the internal condyle of the femur. The external is smaller and bears 



(ZOOL. CHALL. EXP. PART XVIII. 1883.) • S 6 



