REPORT ON THE SPHENISCID.^. 109 



this muscle is divided at its origin by the tendon of the obturator internus into two slips 

 — an upper and a lower. These slips, however, are united at their insertion into 

 the femur. 



Remarks. — This muscle is not referred to by Gervais and Alix in their description of 

 Eudyptes chrysolophus, although it is present in that species. Eeid apparently observed 

 it in Aptenodytes (^^. 144 and 145), but his description is so meagre as to render difficult 

 the identification of the muscle which he describes with my gemellus. 



9. Pectineus. 



Le muscle qui tient lieu du pedine, Vicq d'Azyr, 1774, p. 580, No. 5. 



Der tiefe Schenlcelbeuger, Wiedemann, p. 98. 



Der tiefe Sclienkelbeuger, Tiedemann, p. 330, No. 8. 



Muscle No. 3, Meckel, vol. vi. p. 80. 



IHaeics interims, Owen, p. 34. 



Described by Eeid, p. 144. 



liiacus internus, Seleuka, vol. vi. p. 140, No. 78. 



Attachments. — The pectineus is a very small muscle, which arises from the external 

 margin of the pelvic bone, immediately below the acetabulum. The muscle passes down- 

 wards and backwards, and winding round the inner side of the capsule of the hip joint, 

 against which it rests, is inserted into the inner side of the shaft of the femur, at the junction 

 of the latter with the lower surface of the neck. The point of insertion of this muscle in 

 the bird corresponds with the position of the lesser trochanter of the femur in the 

 mammal. 



Action. — The muscle flexes the femur at the hip joint at the same time that it rotates 

 the bone outwards. 



Relations. — The muscle is concealed on the inner side by the origin of the " ambiens " 

 muscle. Externally it is in contact with the gluteus minimus. 



Nerve supply. — A branch from the crural nerve. 



Remarks. — This muscle is not described by Gervais and Alix in Eudyptes chry- 

 solophus. In the Penguin, according to Meckel, it is entirely wanting. These statements 

 notwithstanding, I found it in every species of Penguin which I dissected. Its diminutive 

 size explains its escape from the observations of the authors just mentioned. 



ih) Muscles inserted into the Patella, Tibia, and Fibula. 



1. Sartorius. 



Couturier, Vicq d'Azyr, 1774, p. 494, No. 1. 

 Ausstreckende Schienbein-MusJiel, Merrem, fig. 2, 3. 

 Der Idngste Schenkel-Muskel, Tiedemann, p. 331, No. 1. 



