118 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



2. Tibialis anticus. 



Tibial anUrieur, Vicq d'Azyr, 1774, p. 510, No. 2. 



Der Anzielier des Fusses, Merrem. 



Dei- vordere Schienheinmuskel, "Wiedemann, p. 99. 



Der vordere Schienheinmuskel, Tiedemann, p. 338, No. 3. 



Tibial anteneur, ]\Iockel, vol. vi. p. 100, No. 1. 



Described by Reid, p. 145. 



Tibialis anticus, Owen, p. 40. 



Jamhier anUrieur, Gervais and Alix, p. 33. 



Attachments. — The. tibialis anticus has two distinct heads of origin. The outer head 

 arises inside the capsule of the knee joint, by means of a stout tendon from a pit on the 

 lower surface of the external condyle of the femur, while the inner head is attached 

 to the lower border of the patella, to the intermuscular septum which separates the tibialis 

 from the anterior head of the gastrocnemius, to the anterior internal tibial crest, and to 

 the upper fourth of the anterior internal border of the shaft of the tibia. The heads 

 unite close to the knee joint, and immediately above the ankle give place to a tendon, 

 which, after passing beneath the anterior annular ligament, is inserted into a tubercle 

 situated at the junction of the upper and middle thirds of the middle (third) meta- 

 tarsal bone. 



Action. — This muscle flexes the ankle, and by means of its femoral origin extends the 

 knee joint. 



Relations. — The tibialis anticus at its origin is concealed superficially by the anterior 

 head of the gastrocnemius, and by the peroneus longus. Its femoral head separates the 

 patellar and fibular origins of the last-named muscle. 



Nerve swpply. — A branch of the anterior tibial nerve, given oft' so soon as the latter 

 has reached the front of the leg. 



Variations. — In Spheniscus mendiculus the tendon of insertion of this muscle 

 divides into two slips, one of which is attached as above described, while the other is 

 inserted into the contiguous border of the inner metatarsal bone. In S2)heniscus 

 inagellanicus, as well as in Eudyjites chrysocome from the Falklands, its tendon of insertion 

 is attached lower than in other species, being inserted into the distal end of the middle 

 metatai'sal bone. 



3. Peroneus hrevis. 



Peronier, Vicq d'Azyr, 1774, p. 511, No. 4. 



Der WadenheinmusTcel, Wiedemann, p. 101. 



Der Wadenbein-Miiskel , Tiedemann, p. 339, No. 4. 



Court peronier, Cuvier, vol. i. p. 386. 



Muscle peronier, Meckel, vol. vi. p. 102, No. 2. 



Described by Reid, p. 145. 



Court pero7iier, Gervais and Alix, p. 34. 



