EEPOET ON THE SPHENISCID.^. 179 



measures 1^ inches in length, and its breadth at the base is the same. Its basal angles 

 are separated from one another on the left wall of the tube by an interval of |ths of an 

 inch. Along this interval, the oesophageal rugae, which elsewhere cease at the anterior 

 border of the proventricular gland, extend backwards and become continuous with the 

 rugae lining the muscular portion of the stomach. Each of the orifices of the 

 proventricular glands is placed on the summit of a little elevation of the mucous 

 membrane covering the glandular patch, and here and there elevated ridges of the 

 mucous membrane are seen to separate these orifices from one another. 



The muscular portion of the stomach, from the posterior border of the proventricular 

 gland backwards, measures 2 inches in length. It is lined by a thick but soft mucous 

 membrane, which, when the stomach is empty, is thrown into rugae. These for the most 

 part are longitudinally arranged, but communicate freely with one another by means of 

 short, more or less obliquely placed, mucous folds. The mucous membrane thus presents 

 an irregularly convoluted appearance, which somewhat resembles that of the gyri of the 

 cerebrum. The pyloric aperture is considerably smaller than the lumen of the intestine. 

 It is defended by three small projections, which appear to be nothing else than the free 

 ends of the longitudinal rugae which line the muscular portion of the stomach. 



Contents of Stomach. — In the stomach of one specimen of Eudyptes chrysocome from 

 Tristan d'Acunha, I found a small number of the horny mandibles of ce^^halopods. With 

 the exception of these the stomach was empty. It was observed that there was no trace 

 of the smaU stones and grit, which in several other species constitute so remarkable an 

 element of the gastric contents. 



Variations in respect of the Stomach. 



In Eudyptes chrysocome from the Falkland Islands, the stomach, in respect of size 

 and form, agrees with that of Eudyptes chrysocome from Tristan d'Acunha. The 

 proventricular gland is confined to the right wall of the viscus, and is crescentic rather 

 than triangular in form. The horns of the crescent are directed backwards. The 

 glandular patch, measured transversely to the long axis of the oesophagus, is 3|- inches in 

 length and 1^ inches in greatest breadth. The left wall of the stomach is devoid of 

 glands, the interspace between the two horns of the crescent measuring li- inches in 

 breadth. 



In one specimen of Eudyptes chrysocome from the Falklands, the stomach was per- 

 fectly empty, while in another it was fiUed to distension with a dark pulpy mass, which 

 careful examination proved to be composed of minute, half-digested portions of small 

 Crustacea. In both these stomachs there was a total absence of either fish bones or 

 gravel. 



In Eudyptes chrysocome from Kerguelen (PI. XIII. fig. 3) the stomach measured 



