REPORT ON THE SPHENISCID^. 181 



for the most part are longitudinal in direction, but communicate freely with one another 

 Ly means of short oblique folds. The pyloric orifice is provided with two prominent 

 projections of the mucous membrane, which may to some extent serve the purpose of a 

 pyloric valve. 



In one specimen dissected the stomach was empty. In another the stomach 

 contained a quantity of dark-coloured pulp, the nature of which to a large extent could 

 not be determined, but appeared to consist of partially digested fish. In corroboration of 

 this opinion, it may be mentioned that numerous scales and bones of fish were extracted 

 from the mass. There was not the slightest trace of gravel in the stomach of either of 

 the specimens examined. 



In Spheniscus demersus ^ (PI. XVI. fig. 2) the stomach externally measures 6^ inches in 

 length, and 3 inches in diameter at its widest or glandular portion. In one specimen 

 the stomach was distended with food to such an extent that there was no trace of the 

 external constriction which usually separates its glandular and muscular parts. In a 

 second specimen, however, this constriction was well defined. In it the glandular portion 

 measured 2 inches in diameter, while that of the gizzard amounted to 1^ inches. In 

 the first of these specimens the stomach occupied the greater part of the abdominal 

 cavity, and completely concealed the coils of the small intestine. In the second the 

 gastric relations were similar to those above described in Eudyptes. The duodenum comes 

 off from the anterior wall of the gizzard. The proventricular gland is triangular in 

 form with rounded angles, and occupies the right wall of the viscus, but does not form a 

 complete belt. Its base corresponds to the line of junction of the glandular and gizzard 

 portions of the stomach, while the apex is directed forwards towards the mouth. The 

 gland measures 2 inches in length from base to apex, and 2^ inches in breadth at the 

 base. Between the basal angles on the left side of the viscus is a space measuring \\ 

 inches in breadth, which is altogether devoid of glands. The glandular follicles are more 

 closely aggregated at the margins than at the centre of the patch, and in one of the 

 specimens examined this arrangement was so pronounced as to give rise to the appearance 

 of two distinct patches of follicles. Closer examination showed, however, that the 

 apparent line of separation was likewise, but to a much less extent, provided with glandular 

 follicles. The muscular portion of the stomach 'does not differ, except in size, from the 

 corresponding part in Eudyptes. 



In one specimen of Spheiiiscus demei'sus the stomach was empty, while in another 

 not only both portions of the stomach, but also the oesophagus was crammed with the 

 remains of fish, including a large quantity of bones. Among these contents I failed to 

 recognise any crustacean remains, neither was there any trace of gravel among them. 



In Spheniscus magellanicus (PI. XVI. fig. 3) the stomach measured 6^ inches in 



1 According to Gamot (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 1826, p. 53), the stomach of Spheniscus demersns when 

 empty, measures 4 inches in length. 



