REPORT ON THE SPHENISCID^. 183 



stomach contained a small quantity of a green alga, intermixed with about forty cuttle-fish 

 beaks of small size. There was also a number of lenses, which may have belonged 

 either to fish or to cuttles. In none of the specimens examined did the stomach contain 

 any gravel. 



In Spheniscus mendiculus (PI. XVI. fig. 4) the stomach measures externally 6 inches 

 in length. In neither of the specimens which I examined did it present any trace of 

 the external constriction, which in other species indicates the separation of the glandular 

 and muscular portions of the viscus. The greatest transverse diameter of the glandular 

 portion of the stomach measured 2^ inches, whilst that of the gizzard amounted to 2f 

 inches. The form of the exterior of the stomach, as a whole, apart from the absence 

 of the constriction just referred to, closely resembles that of Eudyptes chrysocome 

 (PI. XIII. fig. 3). The proventricular gland does not form a complete belt, but is crescentic 

 in form, the broadest part of the gland occupying the right wall of the stomach, while 

 the horns of the crescent extend towards the left. The posterior or concave margin of 

 the glandular patch corresponds to the line of junction of the glandular and muscular 

 portions of the stomach, while its convex margin is directed forwards. The gland 

 measures 1 1 inches in greatest breadth on the right wall of the viscus. The horns of the 

 crescent are separated from one another on the left, by an interspace which measures f ths 

 of an inch in breadth. This portion of the gastric wall, unlike that of S2}Iienisciis 

 mageUanicus, is entirely devoid of glandular follicles, and here the longitudinal rugae of 

 the oesophagus, which elsewhere cease at the anterior border of the proventricular gland, 

 extend backwards, to become continuous with those which line the gizzard. The lining 

 membrane of the latter agrees in all respects with that of other species above described, 

 being thrown into well-defined longitudinal rugae, which converge towards the pylorus. 

 These rugae communicate with one another by means of short oblique folds. The pyloric 

 orifice is situated 2 inches in front of the posterior extremity of the stomach, and is 

 defended by a w^ell-defined circular valve-like fold of mucous membrane. 



The contents of the stomach of one specimen of Spheniscus mendicidus consisted of 

 a quantity of fish bones and scales. In another the stomach was filled to repletion with 

 a soft pulpy mass intermixed with a large quantity of fish bones. The exact nature of 

 the pulp I could not determine, beyond the recognition of several fragments of small 

 crustaceans. In neither of the specimens at my disposal did the stomach contain any 

 trace of gravel. 



In Spheniscus minor (PI. XII. fig. 4) the stomach measures 3f inches in length. 

 The glandular and muscular portions of the viscus are of equal diameter, and measure 

 1 inch in breadth. When distended there is a well-defined external constriction, 

 indicating the junction of the glandular and muscular portions of the organ. 



The proventricular gland may be said to be zonular in character, and closely resembles 

 the corresponding structure in Spheniscus mageUanicus, and diflfers from that of Sphen- 



