PLATE XVII. 



Viscera, of Penguins. 



Fig. 1. — Interior of stomach of Pygosceles fcejiiahis ; one-half natural size. 



D. Duodenum. 



M. S. Muscular portion of stomach. 



(E. (Esophagus. 



P. G. Proventricular gland. 



Fig. 2. — Interior of stomach of Aptenodytes longirostris ; one-half natural size. Letters as in fig. 1. 

 Fig. 3. — Spleen of Pygosceles toeniatus ; natural size. 

 Fig. 4. — Spleen of Aptenodytes longirostris ; natural size. 



Fig. 5. — Exterior of cloaca and bursa fabricii of male Etulyptcs chrysocome, from Kerguelen, seen from 

 behind ; natural size. 



A. P. Anal passage. 

 P. F. Bursa fabricii. 

 CI. Cloaca. 



I. Intestine. 



The figure shows the small size of the bursa fabricii, as compared with the cloaca. 



Fig. 6. — Cloaca, bursa fabricii, &c., of male Aptenodijtcs longirostris, seen from behind ; natural size. 



E. F. Bursa fabricii opened to show the spongy character of its mucous membrane. 

 CI. Cloaca. 



G. I. Great intestine. 

 L. A, Levator ani. 

 Ur. Ureter. 



V. D. Vas deferens. 

 The figure shows the large size of the bursa fabricii, as compared with the cloaca. 



Fig. 7. — Male urinary and generative organs of Eudyptes chrysocome, from Kerguelen, seen from the 

 front ; natural size. 



C. Cpecum. 



CI. Cloaca. 



K, Kidney. 



It. Eectum. 



T. Testicle. 



Ur. ■ LTreter. 



V. D, Vas deferens. 

 This figure shows the cloaca opened to expose its two compartments. In the posterior compartment are 

 seen the papillary eminences on the apices of which the ducts of the kidneys and vasa deferentia open. 

 Behind the cloaca is the anal passage, with the orifice of the bursa fabricii. 



Fig. 8. — Female urinary and generative organs of Eudyptes chrysocome, from Kerguelen, seen from the 

 front ; natural size. 

 C. Csecum. 



CI. Cloaca. 



K. Kidney. 



0. Ovary. 



Ov. Left oviduct. 



B. Eectum. 



S.I. Small intestine. 



Ur. Ureter. 



This figure shows the cloaca opened to expose its two compartments. In the posterior compartment are 

 seen the papillary eminences on the apices of wliich the ureters ojjen, the ruJimental pajiiUa which indicates 

 the point of entrance of the atrophied oviduct of the right side, and the orifice of the left oviduct. Behind the 

 cloaca is the anal passage, with the orifice of the bursa fabricii. 



