PLATE XIX. 



Respiratory organs of Penguins. 

 (All the figures are of the natural size.) 



Fig. 1. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Eudyptes chrysocome, from Tristan d'Acunha ; 

 dorsal surface. B. Bronchus. C. Tr. Contractor tracheae muscle. L. 

 Lung. P. Filjrous pad attached to the membranous portion of the 

 bronchus. S. T. Sterno-tracheal muscle. 



Yia. 2. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Eudyptes chrysocome, from Tristan d'Acunha ; 

 ventral surface. B. Bronchus. L. Lung. Tr. Trachea. 



FicT. 3. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Eudyptes chrysocome, from the Falkland 

 Islands; dorsal surface. Letters as in fig. 1. The drawing shows the 

 absence of the fibrous pad found in Eudyptes chrysocome, from Tristan 

 d'Acunha. 



Fig. 4. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Eudyptes chrysolophus ; ventral surface. 

 Letters as in fig. 2. 



Fig. .5. — Posterior extremity of trachea, of Eudyptes chrysolophus ; dorsal surface. 

 Letters as in fig. 1. 



Fig. 6. — Framework of lower larynx of Eudyptes chrysolophus. 



Fio-. 7. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Spheniscus raagellanicus ; ventral surface. 

 Letters as in fig. 2. 



Fig. 8. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Spheniscus magellaniciis; dorsal surface. 

 Letters as in fig. 1. 



Fig. 9. — Framework of lower larynx of Spheniscus magellanicus. 



Fig. 10. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Sphenisciis mendicvlus ; dorsal surface. 

 Letters as in fig. 1. 



Fig. 11. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Py^osce/es tom'aitts ; ventral surface. Letters 

 as in fig. 2. 



Fig. 12. — Posterior extremity of trachea of Pygosceles tceniatus ; dorsal surface. Letters 

 as in fig. 1. 



Fig. 13. — Framework of lower larynx of Pygosceles tcBniatus. 



