42 BULLETIN OF THE 



Otarla Byronia, 0. leonina, 0. Godeffroyi and 0. Ulloce of Peters, to 

 which should be added the "0. Ulloce V McBain (= 0. Graii Giin- 

 ther), the 0. leonina Maack, and probably also the 0. Hooker i of Gray. 



To the synonomy of Arctocephalus falklandicus, given by Professor 

 Peters, the 0. \_Arctophoca~] Philippii Peters and Gray. 



To that of the A. antarcticus — (=Otaria pusiUa Peters, = Arcto- 

 cephalus Delalandi Gray) — given by Professor Peters and in Dr. 

 Gray's above-cited catalogues, A. nivosus and A. schisthypero'es Turner 

 (= A. schistuperus Giinther). 



To the synonymes of A. australis may doubtless be added the A. 

 Forsteri Gray. 



Geographical Distribution. — As long since announced by Peron, 

 the Pinnipedes have their habitats as definitely circumscribed as do 

 the land mammalia. Previously, as already stated, the northern sea 

 lions and sea bears were popularly regarded as specifically identical 

 with the southern sea lions and sea bears; and even as late as 1840 

 Nilsson entertained the error regarding their identity so universally 

 made by the early writers. It has been found, however, that in only 

 one instance can the species living north and south of the equator be 

 regarded as referable to even the same genus. In this case the species 

 living north of the equator (Zalophus Gillcspii) ranges the furthest to 

 the southward of the northern species, while its congener living south 

 of the equator ranges furthest to the north of any of the southern 

 species. The habitat of no species, so far as certainly known, quite 

 reaches the tropics.* 



The eared seals hence occupy two distinct areas, separated by the 

 broad expanse of the tropical waters. Furthermore, and what is most 

 singular in their distribution, none, as is well known, exi>t on the shores 

 of the North Atlantic. South of the equator they occupy a broad cir- 

 cumpolar belt, extending from near the tropics to the region of antarctic 

 ice. Here also they reach their greatest numerical development in 

 respect to the number of species; for while three species only are 

 known from the northern waters, at least seven are commonly reckoned 

 as inhabiting the southern waters. As previously remarked, however, 

 this number is probably much too large. 



* There is a skull of Olariujvbata in the Anatomical Museum of Harvard University, 

 labelled as having come from " Arica, Peru," but 1 thiuk it doubtful if it was collected 



at that point. 



