MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 251 



Jacksonville, April 1st, but according to general report it does not 

 breed in the State. 



In this species the females are commonly supposed to be paler colored 

 than the males, which is undoubtedly usually the case, but specimens as 

 brightly colored as any I ever saw proved on dissection to be fannies, 

 and other specimens as palely colored as any I ever met with have like- 

 wise proved on dissection to be males. This shows the importance of 

 determining the sex in all cases by dissection, and not from external 

 appearances. It also indicates a wide range of variation in color in 

 the present species, as great as is seen between typical representatives of 

 the so-called Turdus Swainsoni and T. Alicice, and which is, moreover, 

 of the same character, namely, simply a variation in intensity. 



2.1 Turdus Swainsoni Cubanis. Olive backed Thrush. 



Turdus minor Gmelin, Syst. Nat., I, S17, 1788; in part only. — Vieillot, 

 Ois. Am. Sept, II, 7, pi. lxiii, 1807; in part only. — Bonaparte, Geog. 

 and Comp. List, 1838. 



Turdus solitarius Wilson, Am. Orn., V, pi- xiii, fig. 2 : not the text. 



Turdus nanus Audubon, Birds of Amer., Ill, pi. cxlvii,* not the text. — » 

 Samuels, Am. Nat., II, 218, 1868 



Turdus olicaceus Giraud, Birds of Long Island, 92, 1843-44. Not the T. 

 olicaceus of Linne' 



Turdus Swainsonil Cabanis, " in Tschudi's Fauna Peruana, 188, 1844 - 46." — 

 Baird, Birds >» T Am., 216, 1858. — Sclater, Cat. Am. Birds, 2, 1862.— 

 Allen, Proc. Essex Inst., IV, 56 864. —Baird, Rev. Am. Birds, I, 19, 

 1864. — Allen, Mem. Post. Soc. Nat. Hist, I, 514, 1868. — Ridgway, 

 Proc. Phil Acad. Nat. Sci., XXI, 128, 1869. 



Turdus Alicia Baird, Birds N. Am., 217, 1858. — Coues and Prentiss, 

 Smithsonian Pep., 1861, 405. — Coues, Proc Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., XIV, 

 217, 1861— Baird, Rev. Am. Birds, I, 21, 1864. —Ridgway, Proc. Phil. 

 Acad. Nat. Sci., XXI, 128, 1869. 



Merula Wi/sonh Swainson, Faun. Bor. Am., I, 182, 1831. 



Merula olivacea Brewer, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., I, 191, 1844. 



Rare. Given on the authority of Mr. Boardman, who writes me he 

 obtained one specimen at Enterprise, February 18th, and another at 

 St. Augustine, in the same month. The greater part pass the winter 

 farther south. 



* The plates in :l Birds of America" are. too poorly colored, as is well known, to be 

 recognizable representations of the species whose names they bear, including all those 

 representing wood-thrushes, they having but little resemblance to those of the folio 

 edition. The figures of " Tun/us nanus,'' Turdus solitarius. and Turc/ns mustelinus, 

 might all pass for the Turdus Swainsoni, so far as the color of the dorsal surface is con- 

 cerned. 



