306 BULLETIN OF THE 



name borealis to the Pennsylvania type, and Wilson's name querulus to 

 the more southern form. In recognizing two species of red-eockaded wood- 

 pecker in. the Atlantic States, Mr. Cassin differs from all previous writers. 

 Having only Florida specimens, a series of twenty-two, before me, I cannot 

 state from personal observation as to how they differ from northern ones. 

 They appear, however, to be merely a little smaller and darker. 



The average size of the twenty-eight Florida specimens of which meas- 

 urements are given in the foregoing table is as follows : Length, 8.34 ; 

 alar extent, 14.46; wing, 4.71; tail, 3.41. 



74.t Sphyrapicus varius Baird. Yellow-bellied Woodpecker. 

 Common. 



75* Centurus carolinus Bonaparte. Red-bellied Woodpecker. 



Picus carolinas Linne, Syst. Nat., I, 174, 1767. 



Picus griseus Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept., II, 52, pi. cxvi, 1807. 



Centums carolinus Bonap., Geog. & Comp. List, 40, 1838. 



Abundant. The most numerous species of its family in Florida. 

 Specimens in the Museum from Cape Florida, taken the 8th of May by 

 Mr. G. Wurdemann, indicate it as resident throughout Florida, though 

 considered by Audubon and others as only a winter visitant to this and 

 the other Gulf States. 



The Florida specimens are all very much brighter colored than others 

 before me from Maryland, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan, the Michigan 

 specimens being the palest. Professor Baird has remarked, in regard to a 

 specimen from Amelia Island, Florida,* that it was not only very much 

 smaller than northern ones, but had the white transverse bands on the 

 back much narrower, the black ones being three times the breadth of the 

 white ones, instead of twice, as in the northern specimens. These differ- 

 ences my large series from the St. John's River indicate as constant. A simi- 

 lar increase, in the breadth of the black bands over the white ones in southern 

 specimens as compared with northern ones, in species banded transversely, 

 i< seen in numerous other species. It is well marked in Colaptes auratus 

 (where the bands are dark and light brown), in Sphyrapicus i-nriu.<, and, as I 

 shall show more fully subsequently, in Ortyx virginianus. The extent and 

 intensity of the red on the abdomen and head, and especially its brilliancy 

 on the head, is much greater in the Florida specimens of C. carolinus. In 

 this respect there is also a well-marked difference between Cape Florida 

 specimens and those from the St. John's River, the Cape Florida ones 

 being much the brighter. These seem to accord in every particular with 

 * Birds of North Amer., p. 109. 



