MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



403 



59. Falco candicans. 



60. Falco peregrinus. 



61. Falco columbarius. 



62. Falco sparverius. 



63. Astur atricapillus. 



64. Archibuteo lagopu r 



65. Buteo borealis. 



66. Accipiter fuscus. 



67. Circus cyaneus. 



68. Bubo virginianuf 



69. Otus vulgaris. 



70. Otus bracbyotus. 



71. Ectopistes migratori 



72. Tetrao canadensis. 



73. PeJioecetes phasianellus. 



74. Bonasa umbellus. 



75. Lagopus leucurus. 



76. ?Grus aiuericanus. 



77. Gallinago Wilsoni. 



78. Macrorhamphus griseus. 



79. Ereunetes pusillus. 



80. Gambetta mclanoleuca. 



81. Gambetta flavipes. 



82. Tringoides niacularius. 



83. Limosa budsonica. 



84. Porzana Carolina. 

 35. Fulica americana. 



86. ?Dafila acuta. 



87. Nettiou carolinensis. 



88. Querquedula discors. 



89. Spatula clypeata. 



90. Mareca americana. 



91. Fulix marila. 



92. Fulix collaris. 



93. Erismatura rubida. 



94. Lopbodytes cucullatus. 



95. Graculus dilopbus. 



96. Pelecanus erythrorhyncbus. 



VII. American Arctic Fauna. The Arctic Realm may be 

 considered as occupying that portion of the northern hemisphere 

 north of the isotheral of 50° F. Though presenting a great uniformity 

 of character througbout its extent, it seems to be divisible into 

 four faunas, — an American Arctic Fauna, an Americo-Asiatic Fauna, 

 an Europeo-Asiatic .Arctic Fauna, and an Europeo-American Arctic 

 Fauna, the second and fourth being essentially marine. While a few 

 species of mammals seem to be almost wholly restricted within the 

 Arctic Realm, it contains but few resident birds, and no species of 

 birds seem to be wholly confined to it, even in the breeding season. 

 The following species are reported to range to the Arctic coast of 

 North America, the most of which have been observed at Melville 

 Island and in Greenland. The greater part are Natatores and Grallce, 

 the only commonly so-called land birds being two or three species of 

 grouse, a sparrow or two, and a few hawks and owls. 



Species found in the American Arctic Fauna in the Breeding Seas' 

 1. Cotyle riparia. 4. Haliaetus leucocephalus. 



5. Pandion haliaetus. 



2. Corvus corax. 



S. Aquila chrysaetos. 



6. Nyctea nivea. 



