248 ERNEST WAEREN. 



was attached to the skull immediately below the paroccipital 

 process. 



The vertebral column was very monstrous. Some eight 

 thoracic vertebrse were fused together, and all the remaining 

 vertebra3 were ver}^ asymmetrical in shape and irregularly 

 placed. The ribs w^ere flattened and not normally curved. 



The right and left pectoral girdles were quite similar to 

 each other, and were of abnormal shape. The scapula 

 appeared to consist chiefly of "spine" (PI. XII, figs. 5-8), 

 and bore a superficial resemblance to the scapula of Mono- 

 tremes. The anterior and posterior borders of a typical 

 scapula were scarcely represented. The surface in contact 

 with the ribs may be regarded as an expansion of the lower 

 portion of the spine, since the edges of the surface were 

 confluent with the subscapular margin of the spine (fig. 8). 



The pelvic girdle consisted of an abnormally short ilium 

 with curiously lobed dorsal edges (figs. 9 and 10); the ischium 

 was large, and the pubis small. The symphysis was short, 

 and was formed both from ischium and pubis. The acetabulum 

 was an irregular depression formed by the three bones, and 

 an obturator foramen occurred below. 



The skeleton of the limbs consisted of some short, disc-like 

 bones separated by thick ligamentous masses. The bones 

 could not be satisfactorily homologised with the typical bones 

 of a mammalian limb. 



Taken altogether, if we omit the obvious monstrosities and 

 deformities, the viscera and skeleton exhibit characters of a 

 more generalised type than that of an ox. William Bateson^ 

 has collected some material and facts which it may be of 

 interest and value to here recall. He says, " Among domestic 

 animals of many kinds races are known in which the bones of 

 the face do not grow to their full size, while the bones of the 

 jaw are, or may be, of normal proportions. 



" Familiar examples of this are the bulldog, the pug, the 

 Japanese pug, the Niata cattle of Lu Plata, some short-faced 

 breeds of pigs, and others. In the case of these domestic 



' Ibid., p. 57. 



