536 J. \v. BEWs. 



These do not form close bush, but grow isolated or in small 

 clumps as in the case of the rocky hillside formation. 



(e) Following the streams downwards a succession of vleis 

 occupy the more level parts, while in the steeper parts the 

 veld formation comes close up to the side of the stream. It 

 consists usually of Andropogon associations if it is natural 

 veld, or these are frequently replaced by Aristida junci- 

 f or mis. 



(f) Between the grassland and the stream there is a narrow 

 moist zone in which at different places such plants as the 

 following are found : 



Luzula africana, Juncus spp., various Cyperaceae, 

 Myosotis af ra-palustris, Mentha aquatica, Gera- 

 nium caffrum, Drosera burkeana, Osbeckia umlaa- 

 siana, Richardia africana, Cyathea dregei, Nephro- 

 dium bergianum, Aspidium felix-mas, Mohria kaf- 

 frorum, Osmunda regalis, various Hepatica?, various 

 Mosses. 



Half submerged or floating- : 



Potamogeton spp., Juncus sp., Ly thrum sp., Calli- 

 triche bolusii, Utricularia spp., Myriophyllum 

 spicatum, Ceratophyllum sp. 



(2) Low Veld Region. 

 In the low veld region over the alluvial flats the grasses 

 that line the stream sides are the usual species of Andro- 

 pogon (A. dregeanus is common), but in places there are 

 other associations. 



(a) Pennisetum unisetum is dominant for considerable 

 distances and forms often a pure association. 



(b) Phragmites communis in the same way lines the 

 banks of the Umgeni and Umsindusi for long distances (PL 

 XL). 



(c) Cyperus spp. are not so common, but clumps of 

 Cyperus association occur here and there. 



(d) Certain of the other vlei grasses, e.g. E riant hus 

 capensis, Setaria aurea, Arundinella ecklonii/^ are 



