544 J. w. BEWS. 



the transitional belt between the two, and these grade into high veld on 

 the one hand, and low veld on the other, it was, of course, impossible 

 to show any clearly marked boundaries. The Andropogon associa- 

 tions were represented by mixing the two colours chosen to represent 

 high veld and low veld. 



Since, however, nothing is really gained by using two colours, which 

 adds to the expense of reproducing, the high veld has been represented 

 uncoloured, and the transitional belts (Andropogon associations) and 

 low veld have been represented by lighter and deeper shades of the 

 same colour. In the case of the other plant formations — bush, thorn 

 veld, vlei, rocky hillside, plantations — instead of separate colours, various 

 conventional signs have been used, supei-posed on the colours. 



The map thus shows at a glance the main division of the area into 

 high veld region and low veld region. The bush formation, it will be 

 seen, is confined to the high veld, the thorn veld to the low veld region; 

 but vleis of identical character occur in both regions. 



The altitude of the main points are given in feet, as mentioned on 

 p. 488 ; also the various geological strata are indicated. Note that the 

 high veld consists chiefly of Coal Measure Sandstones and arenaceous 

 shales with several large dykes and sills of dolerite. the latter by its 

 decomposition giving rise to the more valuable mineral salts, which, 

 however, get leached out of the high veld soil. The low veld consists 

 mostly of thin beds of Ecca Shales, which lie near the surface. 



D'R'yka Conglomerate (the lowest beds of the Karroo systems) is 

 exposed at the various points in the low veld region which are marked 

 on the map. Table Mountain Sandstone appears on the extreme right 

 on the rising ground across the Umgeni. Dolerite intrusions occm* 

 also in the low veld. 



Plates. 



Note. — In examining these landscape views it should be borne in 

 mind that owing to the peculiar atmospheric conditions of Natal 

 distances are very deceptive, and hills that appear quite near may lie 

 thirty or foi-ty miles distant. 



PI. XL. — Albert Falls of the Umgeni. A general view of the low 

 veld alluvial flats (cf . PI. XLII). In the foreground typical low veld 

 variety of Anthistiria imberbis. Phragmites lines the river 

 side above and below the falls. Trees and shrubs as described on p. 537. 

 In the background high veld (Karkloof range) with wattle plantations 

 and indigenous bush. 



The plants actually gathered near the Albert Falls were the follow- 

 ing : 



