396 CLAUDE FULLEK. 



else than the underground stems of a plant with many tubers 

 hanging to them. There is only the one aperture to these 

 fungus-garden cavities, and, whenever a tunnel leading to 

 one is bi^anched, the branch leads to the cavity of another 

 fungus-garden. These galleries always slant downwards and 

 fall acutely on reaching the vicinity of the cavity, entering it 

 at the side. Fungus-garden cavities do not vary much in 

 size ; the largest have usually a perpendicular diameter of 

 Ij to 2 in. and a horizontal diameter of 3 to 4 in. 



The fungus-garden nearly fills the cavity (PI. XXXI, figs. 

 4 and 5). It is distinctly granular and crumbles easily, the 

 pellets of which it is composed separating. All are coral-like 

 in appearance, and may be compared, as regards folds and 

 involutions, to the kei-nel of a walnut. In the case of most 

 termites when, in digging, a gallery is broken through, the 

 aperture is speedily closed with pellets of moist clay. T. 

 incertus does not do this, but endeavours to bridge the 

 break by building out a pipe of clay from the disturbed 

 surface, constructing the pipe in the direction the lost part 

 took (PI. XXIX, fig. 10). In trenches recently cut through 

 soil inhabited by this species, thousands of these projecting 

 pipes are to be seen. As a rule the structure is not continued 

 more than an inch, but some pipes projecting 2 to 3 in. 

 have been noticed, and some were even branched. They 

 are quite tenuous, with the outer surface roughly granular 

 and inside quite smooth. 



Eutermes parvus [Haviland). PL XXIX, figs. 11, 12; PL 

 XXXI, figs. 1-3. 



According to the Haviland notes E. parvus is found in 

 Natal " from the sea-coast to an altitude of 5000 ft., and the 

 winged forms have been taken on the tops of hills of 6000 ft." 

 The species is only known to me from nests collected in the 

 bush-lands of the Natal coast, and from specimens kindly 

 collected for me by j\Ir. F. W. FitzSimmons at Port 

 Elizabeth, where the species appears to be abundant. 



