556 ■ J. w. liEWs. 



been sent to Dr. Fritsch for identification. There is great 

 variety of Bryophyta, of which the following were collected 

 chiefly in the Tugela Gorge at an altitude of 6000-7000 ft. : 



Papillaria floribunda C. M., Papillaria sp., Philo- 

 notis sp., Lejeunea flava L., Weisia viridula L., 

 Ehodobryum syntrichioides C. M., Fissidens taxi- 

 folius {L.), Hedw., Brachy theciuni sp., Fimbriaria 

 marginata Nees., Thuidium angustif olium Jaeg., Mado- 

 theca capensis 6r,, Lejeunea (Ptycholejeunea) striata 

 Nees., Plagiochila spinulosa {Dichs.) Dum., Mniuni 

 punctatum L., Bryum umbraculum Biirch., B. binium 

 Schreh., Tortella csespitosa (Schtv.) Leiwpr. 



Chomophytes. 



The general habitat for this class is the rock crevices and 

 rock ledges, and, seeing that the amount of soil, moisture, 

 light, etc., and degree of exposure vary considerably, it is 

 possible to subdivide to as great an extent as one pleases. 

 Probably almost every species differs in its exact require- 

 ments. Smith,^ in dealing with the Arctic- alpine vegetation 

 of Scotland, adopts a provisional grouping of the different 

 habitats, which is used here with slight modifications. 



(A) Exposed Chomophytes. 



The habitat in this case is a rock ledge Avhich receives full 

 insolation, and where there is no great depth of soil. The 

 plants are fully exposed to the adverse factors of the en- 

 vironment, as given in detail above, and, consequently, show 

 extreme xerophytisui. 



Very dense woolly coverings are seen in the species of 

 Helichrysum, succulence in the Crassulas, and reduc- 

 tion of leaf surface iu the Passer in as and Ericas. Root 



' Smith. W. G., Chap, xiii, ' Types of British Vegetation.' ed. by 

 Tansley (Camb. Univ. Press). 



