SOUTH AFRICAN BAGWORMS. 681 



inale taking ])lace in captivity, nor have we found any case 

 Avhere the female bag* Avas visited successively by more than 

 one male. Nevertheless we have not unfrequently seen two 

 males on a female bag simultaneously, each one penetrating* 

 the neck of the bag, apparently oblivious of the presence of 

 the other. 



It frequently happens that the male is not able to extricate 

 itself, and it then dies attached to the bag. In this case the 

 neck of the bag remains obstructed, and the young hatching 

 from the eggs cannot escape, and they perish in the bag. 



The life of the adult male, from data obtained in captivity, 

 is short, about three to four days. 



While the male during the short period of its life is ex- 

 tremely active, the female during its adult stage remains in 

 its chrysalis-case almost motionless. At most, if the male 

 be tardy in arriving, it will crawl down and expose its head 

 through the neck of the bag, retreating again upon the arrival 

 of the male. Should, however, no male make its appearance, 

 the female will expose itself further and further, until it drops 

 out of the bag and dies. Such females as have dropped out 

 of their bags are not attractive to the males, and invariably 

 die without having been fertilised. The female moth lives 

 for about a month. 



Parthenogenesis. — While it is claimed that in some 

 species of the Psych idte parthenogenetic reproduction may 

 take place for several generations in succession, we have no 

 evidence which would make us inclined to believe that this 

 occurs in the case of A. junodi. The great number of males 

 would make parthenogenesis unnecessary and in fact unlikely, 

 and in our experiments we have never found fertile eo'o-s in 

 cages from which males had been excluded. 



Egg-laying. — Immediately after copulation, and some- 

 times even before, egg-laying begins. The eggs are deposited 

 in the upper part of the chi-ysalis-case, where they are tightly 

 packed and mixed with the hairs and scales from the abdomen 

 of the female. As the chrysalis becomes filled the body of 

 tlie female shrinks (PL XLV, fig. 13) and retreats until, when 



