48 WEST AUSTRALIAN PITCHER-PLANT. 



are very puzzling. They are remarkably like storaates (fig. 14), 

 but there is not always an opening between the guard cells as 

 shown in figure. In fact, that part stains more readily than the 

 two guard (?) cells. 



Eglandular surface. — This covers the part of the pitcher 

 occupied by the fluid. It is gloss}-, and the cells resemble in all 

 respects those of the glandular surface, except that there are no 

 glands at all. 



Development of the Pitchers. — In the very young pitchers, the 

 wings and lid are the most prominent features. The body of the 

 pitcher is very small, and the wings and lid are in consequence 

 all close together, and as they are densely covered with the stiff 

 silvery hairs, the pitcher has the appearance of a little vegetable 

 porcupine rolled up, with its quills standing on end. In this 

 stage— about 2-5 mm. long— if cut open longitudinally, a very 

 small cavity only is seen. There is no sign of the lateral gland 

 patch, and the collar shows a slight thickening. The top edge 

 of the anterior wing overlaps the lid (fig. 11) so that it looks as 

 if the lid and pitcher were joined there; and the lateral wings 

 cover the lid's edge in the same way. In a later stage (6 mm. 

 long) the lid is clasped as before by the wings; the collar shows 

 distinctly, but has no free downward produced edge. There is 

 no sign of the gland patch (fig. 11). In the third stage examined 

 (1 cm. long) the lid is still held by the wing in front, but is free 

 from the lateral wings. It is still closely adpressed to the rim. 

 The collar is beginning to form a free edge, and on the rim the 

 teeth are formed. The gland patch is seen as a thickening of 

 the pitcher wall in that region, and a similar thickening indicates 

 the course of the main vascular bundles. In the later stages, by 

 the growth of the tissue between the wings, the pitcher begins to 

 assume its characteristic form. The first sign of coloration 

 appears on the teeth of the rim, which turn a warm brown; then 

 a crimson line appears on the down-hanging edge of the collar, 

 and on the anterior edge, where the glands are most numerous, 

 of the lateral gland patch. 



