534 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Oct., 



Latter inserted well before dorsal origin, and fin extends | to anal. 

 Vent placed about opposite middle in depressed ventral length. 



Color in alcohol pale brownish, nearly uniform. Back with edges 

 of scales dusted with dusky dots, also lower sides above anal and 

 along lower surface of caudal peduncle, only separated by silvery 

 lateral band which extends from shoulder to caudal base medianly. 

 A dusky vertical ellipsoid blotch, embracing third, fourth and fifth 

 scales of 1. 1., and its greater extent above same. Dorsal with a 

 somewhat irregular transverse or horizontal median streak made up 

 of dusky dots. Caudal with median rays, base and edges of rays 

 sprinkled with minute dusky dots. Anal broadly whitish in front, 

 rest of fin sprinkled with dusky dots and latter forming dark lower 

 edge to fin. Fins otherwise pale or whitish. Head Avith dusky dots 

 above, sides and below whitish. Iris slaty, with dusky shade above 

 and below. 



Leng-th 54 mm. 



Type, No. 39,217, A. N. S. P. Madeira River, about 200 miles 

 east of Long. 62° 20' W., Brazil. •September, 1912. Edgar A. 

 Smith. 



Only the type known. This species is related to Aphyocharax 

 eques Steindachner,^ but differs in the absence of the black dorsal 

 blotch. 



{Avary, the native name.) 



PKIONOBRAMA g. n. nov. 

 Type, Prionohrama madeirce. 



Body strongly compressed, elongately ovoid. Head small, com- 

 pressed. Snout short, convex, rather conic. Eye large, not elevated, 

 without adipose eyelid. Mouth superiorly terminal, opens level 

 with upper edge of eye, short in commissure, broad. Teeth uniserial, 

 simple, rather short, uniform, conic, in both jaws. Entire edge of 

 maxillary toothed. Maxillary well inclined, reaches past front of 

 eye. Interorbital convex. Large fontanel from frontals to occipital 

 process. Gill-rakers moderate in number, slender, longer than 

 filaments. Scales rather small, cycloid. Caudal scaly basally. 

 Anal with basal scales. ]» 1. incomplete. Dorsal inserted little 

 posterior. Adipose fin slender. Caudal forked. Anal inserted 

 opposite dorsal origin, third simple ray prolonged. Pectoral and 



» Denk. Ak. Wiss., Wien, XLVI, 188-3, p. .37. Obidos and Villa Bella. 



