564 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Oct., 



Scales large, cycloid, well exposed, extend on caudal base and form 

 anal sheath basally. No 1. 1. Dorsal fin inserted behind middle 

 in body length. Adipose fin moderate. Caudal moderately forked, 

 lobes equal. Anal inserted before dorsal origin, with moderate 

 basis. Pectoral long, pointed, passes ventral base. Ventral not 

 reaching anal. Dark lateral streak. Shoulder and caudal each 

 with dark blotch. 



Minute fishes of the Madeira River basin. They show affinity 

 with certain of the Tetragonopterinx in the large scales, but the 

 conical teeth and external tooth-like processes are more features of 

 the present subfamily. One species. 



('/'utOo?^ tiny; .A'«/>«l, Charax.) 

 Tyttooharax madeirse sp. nov. Fig. 20. 



Head 3|; depth 3; D. ii, 7; A. ii, 16; P. i, 9; V. i, 7; scale? 30 

 in median lateral series to caudal base, and 2 more on latter; 10 

 scales transversely between dorsal and anal origins; 10 predorsal 

 scales; head width 1| in its length; head depth at occiput 1|; snout 

 4; eye 2|; maxillary 3; interorbital 2f ; first branched dorsal ray 

 1^; first branched anal ray 1|; least depth of caudal peduncle 2|; 

 lower caudal lobe 1; pectoral 1^; ventral If. 



Body moderately long, well compressed, lower profile more convex 

 anteriorly than upper, postventral trenchant, and other edges con- 

 vexly rounded. Caudal peduncle compressed, about long as deep. 



Head moderate, compressed, lower profile more convex and 

 inclined than upper, and its flattened sides slightly constricted below. 

 Snout short, convex over surface and in profile, length abqut half 

 its width. Eye large, rounded, rather high, and hind edge of pupil 

 about midway in head length. Pupil rounded, moderate. Eyelids 

 free, not adipose-like. Mouth broad, short and inclined in commis- 

 sure. Lips firmly fleshy. Maxillary well inclined, slender, free, 

 extends down opposite lower eye margin and slightly beyond anterior 

 eye margin, though not nearly to front pupil edge. Teeth all conic, 

 simple, moderately large, in bands in jaws, and outer mostly with 

 appearance as if imbedded in lips. Some of teeth at symphyseal 

 region slightly recurved and enlarged a little, appearing somewhat 

 canine-like. On lips a number of denticles or tooth-like structures 

 protruded through the integument. Maxillary with a few irregular 

 small and inconspicuous teeth along upper edge. Apparently no 

 other teeth. Buccal fold moderate inside mouth. Tongue de- 

 pressed, rounded and free in front. Mandible small, strong, shallow 

 low rami not elevated inside mouth, and when closed very slightly 



