1905.] 



NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 



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head, and adipose eyelids well developed. ^louth a little inferior, and 

 corner falling about opposite posterior nostril. Mandibular angle 

 broad, and obtuse, symphysis forming a process fitting a depression in 

 front of upper jaw. Teeth very minute, uniserial in upper jaw, and 

 scarcely evident or absent on mandible. liips rather fleshy. Roof of 

 mouth and tongue edentulous. Tongue fleshy, not free, and forming 

 a median longitudinal trenchant keel. Maxillary exposed, and reach- 

 ing about opposite front rim of orbit. Lower edge of preorbital den- 

 ticulate. Anterior nostril with a small cutaneous rim, near edge of 

 snout, and space between it and posterior much greater than space 

 between latter and front of eye. Posterior nostril vertical and slit-like. 

 Interorbital space broad, flattened or but slightly convex. 



Fig. 9. — Mugil helanak Bleeker. 



Gill-opening extending forward about opposite middle of orbit. 

 Rakers about 62?, slender, fine, and equal to about f of longest fila- 

 ments. Filaments numerous, longest but little less than orbital 

 diameter. Pseudobranchise about f of orbital diameter. Isthmus 

 narrow, with a depression. 



Stomach gizzard-like, muscular, and rather large. Intestine rather 

 long and convoluted. Peritoneum black. Vent close to origin of anal 

 fin. 



Scales rather large, and arranged in more or less even longitudinal 

 series. Head scaly. Scales, according to pockets, extending down to 

 edge of snout, small. A slender pointed scaly flap along base of spinous 

 dorsal about equal in length to f length of first spine. Scaly flap in 



