698 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Oct., 



beach is covered with masses of Sargassum, washed ashore at high 

 tide. The upper beach at the foot of the dunes is characterized by 

 the presence of Cakile cequalis, occasional clumps of Tournefortia gna- 

 phalodes, Sccevola Phiniieri and Croton maritimus. Ifomma -pes-caprce 

 sends its long runners down from the slopes of the dunes, associated 

 with Sccevola Plumieri, Stenotaphrum americanum. A little back of 

 the crest of dunes are found Tournefortia gnapholades, Ipomoea pes- 

 caprce, Sccevola Plumieri, Juniperus hermudiana (wind-swept form), 

 Sisyrynchium hermudianum, Lepidium virginicum, Euphorbia huxijolia, 

 Canavalia obtusifolia, Opuntia vulgaris. On the dunes at Tuckertown, 

 Sccevola Plumieri forms extensive tracts in pure association (SciEvola 

 Association). Solidago sempervirens, as in the eastern United States, 

 is also a dune plant, together with the glaucous and hairy forms of 

 Borrichia arhorescens and Dodoncea viscosa. Conocarpus erectus forms 

 thickets which in some places protects the dune crest. Here we have 

 a mangrove plant occurring on sand dunes under perhaps similar eco- 

 logic conditions as in salt water. Stenotaphrum americanum forms 

 mats on the lee slopes and a tall fennel, Fosniculum vulgare, is also very 

 abundant. 



The dunes in Paget on the south shore are high, but since the set- 

 tlement of the country they have been captured by the encroachment 

 of various exotic plants such as Nerium oleander, Lantana camara, L. cro- 

 cea, while Croton maritimus, Canavalia obtusifolia, Dodoncea viscosa, 

 Borrichia arborescens and Passiflora suberosa are among the more 

 important native plants. Yucca aloifolia forms clumps on low sandy 

 hills at Shelly Bay in association with Ipomoea pes-caprce, Tournefortia 

 gnaphalodes and Opuntia sp. 



Cliff Rock Formation. 



The coast line of Bermuda is generally rocky and the waves have 

 honeycombed the rocks into jagged forms with sea caves hollowed out 

 beneath. These rocks support a characteristic vegetation consisting 

 of the hairy and smooth forms of Borrichia arborescens, prostrate trees 

 of Conocarpus erectus, clumps of Solidago sempervirens , Lantana involu- 

 crata, L. Camara, Euphorbia buxifolia, the crabgrass, Stenotaphrum 

 americanum (covering all the available soil on the rocks), while wind- 

 swept trees of Juniperus bermudiana. Yucca aloifolia and dwarf pal- 

 mettos Sabal Blackburniana, also abound in some places. Coccoloba uvi- 

 fera in Bermuda seems to prefer the rocky shores to those of the sand. 

 Sesuvium portulacastrum and Lippia nodi/lora are also rock plants 



