■will.\rd: cranial xerves of anolis carolinensis. 39 



description for this muscle in Varanus: — "This is a triangular muscle 

 arising by its apex from that part of the basisphenoid which forms the 

 lower boundary of the notch whose upper limit is established by the 

 prootic bone and into which the Gasserian ganglion projects, .... Inser- 

 tion to the full extent of the upper and lower surfaces of the pterygoid 

 bone from its posterior extremity to as far foi-ward as a level, with the 

 articulation between the basipterygoid process of the sphenoid and 

 the pterygoid." With this Anolis agrees quite closely; in the latter 

 the origin is also from the basipterygoid process of the sphenoid, and 

 its insertion is along the whole length of the pterygoquadrate. 



The innervation is from a motor ramus separating itself from the 

 other motor components at the Gasserian ganglion (Plate 3, fig. 6; 

 Plate 6, figs. 16, 17). 



M. ptcrygo-paricfaJis of Bradley. (Fig. //; Plate 6, fig. 16, pt-par.) 

 This muscle lies just posterior to the epipterygoid bone and its tendi- 

 nous origin passes mesad of the latter to attach to the edge of the parie- 

 tal, while its fibers take a direction that diverges somewhat from the 

 epipterygoid and find insertion on the pterygoid just mesad to that of 

 the deeper part of the pterygoideus, that is, on the upper surface of 

 the pterygoid bone immediately caudad to the articulation of the 

 epipterygoitl. 



Bradley homologized these two muscles, pterygo-parietalis and 

 pterygo-sphenoidalis posterior, with muscles described by Katheriner 

 ( :00) in the snakes under the same name, and calls attention to the 

 fact that there are but two references to them found by him in the 

 literature of the Saurians, viz., Stanius ('56) and Sanders ('70). 

 Hoffmann ('79-90) does not refer to. them in his description of Reptilia 

 given in Bronn's Thier-reich. Bradley, therefore, concludes that 

 these muscles are peculiar to snakes and to those lizards (Kiokrania) 

 which have a columella (epipterygoid). 



In Anolis m. pterygo-parietalis also has a special motor-nerve ramus 

 (Plate 3, fig. 6, pt-par.) leaving the main motor bundle through the 

 ganglion. 



M. capiti mandibularis (temporalis). (Plates 5, 6, figs. 14-19, 

 cap. md.) The origin of this large muscle is from the postfrontal, 

 jugal, postorbital, supratemporal, parietal, prootic, and quadrate 

 bones. The superficial part of the muscle shows a parallel sheet of 

 fibers running diagonally down to the lower jaw. The deeper por- 

 tions, however, show toward their insertions a tendency to differen- 

 tiate into several bundles. When the quadrato-jugal arch is removed, 

 it is shown that the fibers having origin on the median face of the jugal 



