willard: cranial nerves of anolis carolinensis. 55 



An anastomosis of palatine VII with the ophthahnic branch of V in 

 the anterior orbital region seems to be of wide occurrence in the Saurop- 

 sida and Amphibia. It is described in Amblystoma (Herrick, '94), 

 tadpole of the frog (Strong, '95 [farther forward here]), Spelerpes 

 (Bowers, :00), Amblystoma (Coghill, :02) and Amphiuma (Norris, 

 :08). 



Of the above mentioned investigators, Coghill finds a ganglion at 

 the point of union, and Norris (p. 540) says "there seems to be a 

 ganglion on the palatine nerve shortly before the anastomosis"; be- 

 yond the anastomosis he finds mixed cutaneous and viscero-sensory 

 rami. With this observation by Norris agrees the statement I have 

 made regarding Anolis ; that this ganglion, while surrounding ophthal- 

 mic V, is really more closely related to palatine VII. 



Among the reptiles an anastomosis is mentioned by Gaupp ('88), 

 Osawa ('98), and Watkinson (:06). On the other hand Fischer ('52) 

 does not mention it at all. The presence also of a ganglion, at least 

 one discernible by dissection, seems to be less general in the described 

 reptiles than the condition in Anolis would suggest. The only men- 

 tion of it which I have found was in Gaupp's ('88, p. 469) description 

 of the snake Tropidonotus, in which he refers to it as "eine leichte 

 Anschwellung," and further "Vielleicht entspricht dieselbe dem 

 ganglion ethmoidale der Vogel." Watkinson (:06, p. 463) speaks of 

 palatine VII and nasalis V as lying ciuite close together at a point 

 corresponding to the ethmoidal ganglion and having one or two con- 

 necting branches. It is probable that sections would have disclosed a 

 ganglion here. She found no cutaneous branch of the nasalis at this 

 point. 



Peripheral distribution of the ramus nasalis. The distribution of the 

 cutaneous sensory fibers carried in this nerve begins with the bundle 

 of coarse fibers entering the posterior end of the ethmoidal ganglion. 

 Distal to the ganglion the main nerve divides into the lateral and 

 median branches before mentioned (Plates 2, 3, figs. 4, 6, na. I., 

 and na. m.), which are of about ec^ual size. One of these retains a 

 median position while the other crosses the roof of the nasal capsule 

 to a more lateral one. 



(a) Ramus lateralis nasi. This ramus in passing cephalad and 

 laterad across the roof of the olfactory chamber occupies a position 

 between the cartilaginous capsule of the chamber and the cranial 

 bones. It is distributed to the skin over the subterminal region of the 

 snout, that is, just posterior to the external nares. Before reaching 

 the integument the lateral ramus passes through the nasal gland,. 



