170 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. 



the temperature rises, depth for depth, from the land seaward, as in 

 the preceding one. Two partial profiles, one just north, the other just 

 south of Delaware Bay, connect the Chesapeake Bay profile with the 

 one just described. The stations composing the first of these (Stations 

 10080 and 10072) were, unfortunately, occupied at an interval of two 

 weeks; but other observations have shown that it is only the inter- 

 mediate surface layer which had warmed up appreciably in the interval. 

 At the outer of the two stations the bottom temperature w^as 47.8° 

 at twenty-five fathoms; and corresponding to the steepness of the 

 shelf, this cool water was found nearer shore, though at about the same 

 depth, than further north. 



Just south of Delaware Bay (Fig. 13) there was no water colder than 

 50° on the shelf; the lowest temperature being 50.8° at thirty fathoms 

 (Station 10074). But the curves show the progressive warming, 

 depth for depth, from land to sea, which characterize the preceding 

 profiles; the reading (52.5°) being the same at fifteen fathoms at the 

 shore end as at .twenty-seven fathoms at the ofi^shore end of the profile. 



Off Chesapeake Bay (Fig. 14) the slope was bathed with water of 

 50°-52° from twenty-five fathoms down to 130 fathoms. There the 

 surface water .cooled from the shore seaward instead of warming 

 as it does further north (p. 165). But though the temperature above 

 five fathoms was highest at the shoreward end of the profile, the ten 

 fathom (bottom) temperature was lower (57.6°) there than further off 

 shore. 



The general rise in temperature on the shelf from north to south is 

 illustrated by a profile parallel with the coast at about the forty fathom 

 curve (Fig. 15). Below twenty -five fathoms the curves are distorted by 

 the intrusion of warm water (51°) on the bottom near Station 10065, 

 resulting in the extension of cold water southward over warm. The 

 lowest temperature is at the northerly end at forty-five fathoms. 



Temperature in the Gulf of Maine. 



Surface temperature. The distribution of surface temperature 

 in the Gulf of Maine was the same in general as in 1912, the north- 

 eastern part being coldest, the southwestern warmest. The surface 

 water (Fig. 1) abreast of Massachusetts Bay, along shore from Cape 

 Cod to Cape Elizabeth, and eastward nearly to German Bank was 60° 

 or warmer, usually 60°-62°; and although the surface was consider- 

 ably warmer (64°-66°) northeast of Cape Cod and in the neighborhood 



