BTGELOW: COAST WATER EXPLORATION OF 1913. 



205 



of water; with a maximum difference of about 2.l%o between surface 

 and bottom salinity at the deepest Station (10088, surface 32.1%o; 

 bottom 34.2%o) ; and this same type of curve likewise characterized 

 the deep water off Mt. Desert (Station 10100, Fig. 46). The salinity 

 curves at the Stations near shore, north and east of Cape Ann, (10101, 

 10102, 10103, 10104, 10105 Fig. 45), are of rather different type, the 

 vertical increase in salinity being most rapid near the surface. In the 

 northeast corner of the Gulf (Fig. 46), on the Nova Scotian Banks, 

 and again off Cape Cod and on George's Bank, the salinity curves 

 show unmistakable evidence of vertical tidal disturbance. Thus at 

 Station 10098 the total vertical range of salinity, in thirty-five fathoms, 

 was only about .2%o (Fig. 46) ; off Lurcher Shoal (Station 10096, 

 Fig. 46) there was a rise of .6%o from the surface down to thirty fath- 

 oms (32.75%o-33.4%o) ; but below that depth the salinity was uniform 

 down to the bottom in sixty fathoms. On German Bank the total 

 range was only .l%o (32.79%o~32.92%o), and on George's Bank (Sta- 

 tion 10059) the water was practically uniform from surface to bottom. 

 The upper layers in the northern end of the eastern basin (Station 

 10097) must likewise be disturbed by vertical currents, because the 

 salinity was uniform from the surface down to thirty fathoms, with a 

 sudden increase below that depth (Fig. 46). But there was no evi- 

 dence of vertical mixing on Jeffrey's Bank. 



In general the upper fifty fathoms of water was freshest off Cape 

 Cod (Stations 10086, 10087), in Massachuetts Bay (Station 10106), 



r g 31.8 ,9 32. J .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 33 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 



5 

 10 

 15 

 20 

 25 

 30 

 35 

 40 

 45 

 50 

 55 

 60 

 65 

 70 



Fig. 47. — Salinity off Cape Cod in July (Station 10057) and in August ^Sta- 

 tions 10085, 10086) ; in the southern part of the basin of the Gulf (Station 

 10058) and George's Banks (Station 10059) In July. 



