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LICHENOLOGICAL MEMORABILIA, No. 6. 

 By the Rev. W. A. Leighton, B.A., Camb., F.L.S., F.B.S. Ed. 



Lichenological Researches in North and South Wales in 1874. 



The delightful month of May and part of June I this year spent 

 at the retired and romantic little village of Trefriw, in the vale of 

 Conway, on the western bank of the river Conway ; and as a se- 

 quel to my paper published two years ago in " Grevillea/' on the 

 lichens obtained at Bettws-y-coed and the Gwydir woods, it may be 

 desirable to record the results of my researches. Before doing so, 

 it may be as well to mention the abundance of fine large ancient 

 and still vigorous yew trees which are especially noticeable in the 

 churchyards of the district. The name Trefriw means the town 

 or village of the yeiv, and the inhabitants told me that the church 

 was within a few years past surrounded by many yews, two only of 

 which of large dimensions now remain at the west end. The an- 

 cient church of Llanrochwyn, founded by a Welsh saint, St. 

 Rochwyn, about 696, possesses two magnificent yews, which 

 appear coeval with the church, although the present building con- 

 tains no architectural feature earlier than Early English or very 

 early Decorated. 



The curious little church of Caerhun, four miles from Trefriw, 

 is built on the centre of the square Roman camp or station of 

 Conovium, and in the churchyard are several still larger and finer 

 yew trees than any others in the district, leading us by their mag- 

 nificent size to the conclusion that they are probably coeval with 

 the foundation of the church after the departure of the Romans. 

 There is a singular peculiarity in these churches, their chancels 

 are not placed continuously at the east end of the nave, but 

 parallel to and of equal size and length with the nave, giving the 

 appearance of two small churches built side by side. 



The lichens which I gathered in the woods around Trefriw were 

 Arthonia asj)ersella, Leight., on holly. A. lurida, AcH., on holly 

 and Scotch fir. A. Swartziana, Ach., on holly, mountain-ash, oak, 

 ivy, and alder. A. vinosa, Leight, on oak and its var. pineti, Korb. 

 A. spadicea, Leight., on holly. A. ochracea, Duf, and A. astroi- 

 destera, Nyi.. A. jnmctillifojmis, Leight., species nova, very rare, 

 on holly. Opegrapha vulgata, Ach., on oak. 0. viridis, Pers., on 

 holly. 0. herpetica, f. ■nifescens,I'EB.s., on holly. 0. involuta, Nyl., 

 on holly. 0. atra, f. denigrata, (Ach.) 0. Tuimeri, Leight. ; 

 VeiTUcaria epidermidis, f. cinereo-pruinosa, Sch^r., on holly ; V. 

 chlorotica, f. carpinea, Sch^r., on mountain-ash ; V. nitida, 

 (Weig.), V. epidermidis, f. fallax, Nyl, on mountain-ash, crab, 

 birch, and sweet chestnut ; V. Laburni, Leight., on alder ; V. 

 megaspora, Nyl., on beech ; V. conformis, Nyl., on oak ; Graph's 

 pulverulenta, Ach.; G.elegans, Sm., on pine trees; Lecidea subtur- 

 gidula, Nyl., a single specimen, on holly ; L. parasema, (Ach.), on 



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