52 BERTCID^:. 



HOLOCENTRUM, Artedi. 



166. Holocentrum rubrum. [45, 67, 408. J 

 Scisena rubra, Forsk. p. 48. 



Holocentrum alborubrum, Lacep. iv. p. 372. 



Holocentrus ruber, Riipp. Atlas, Fische, p. 83, t. 22. f. 1. 



Holocentrum rubrum, Giinth. Fish. i. p. 35. 



melanospilos, Bleek. Acta Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl. iii. Amboyna, ix. p. 2. 



Var. a. The specimens marked 45 and 67 correspond with those previously described 

 as H. rubrum. 



Var. b, marked [408], has a large black blotch at the base of the soft dorsal and anal, 

 a third at the root of the caudal, and a fourth at the axil of the pectoral. This is 

 clearly identical with that described by Bleeker as H. melanospilos. 



These varieties are structurally identical, and the difference in coloration is probably 

 a sexual one ; one specimen of var. b proved to be a male fish, at or near spawning time. 



Zanzibar. Aden. Bed Sea. Indian archipelago. Chinese and Japanese seas. 



167. Holocentrum spiniferurn. [648.] 

 Scieena spinifera, Forsk. p. 49. 



Holocentrum leo, Cuv. §■ Vol. iii. p. 204. 



Holocentrus spinifer, Riipp. N. W. Fische, pp. 96, 97, t. 25. f. 1 (not Atlas). 



Holocentrum spiniferurn, Giinth. Fish. i. p. 39 ; Kner, Novara, Fisch. p. 7. 



Chagos archipelago. Red Sea. East coast of Africa, through the Indian Ocean, to 

 the Pacific. 



168. Holocentrum diadema. [127, 192.] 

 Holocentrus diadema, Lacep. iv. pp. 372, 374, iii. pi. 32. f. 3 ; Riipp. Atlas, Fische, p. 84, t. 22. f. 2. 

 Holocentrum diadema, Cuv. fy Vol. iii. p. 213; Less. Voy. Coqu. Zool. ii. p. 220, pi. 25. f. 2; 



Giinth. Fish. i. p. 42. 



Aden. Zanzibar. Island of Johanna. Bed Sea. Madagascar. Ceylon. Chinese 

 seas. Indian archpelago. 



169. Holocentrum sammara. [77, 453.] 

 Scisena sammara, Forsk. p. 48. 



Holocentrum sammara, Riipp. Atlas, Fische, t. 22. f. 3 ; Giinth. Fish. i. p. 46. 



Island of Johanna. Bed Sea. Cape of Good Hope. Amboyna. Sumbawa. 



PEMPHEMS, Cuv. & VaL* 



170. Pempberis mangula. [555.] 

 Mangula kutti, Russell, ii. pi. 114. 



Pempheris mangula, Cuv. <Sf Vol. vii. p. 304 ; Giinth. Fish. ii. p. 509. 



Zanzibar. Indian Ocean and Archipelago. 



* Undetermined speeimen [277]. 



